氯吡脲对西瓜重要农艺性状的影响及安全性评价  

Effect of forchlorfenuron on important agronomic traits of watermelon and safety evaluation

作　　者：乔成奎[1] 盛孟鸽 罗静[1] 李晓光 陈如霞 庞涛[1] 谢汉忠[1] QIAO Chengkui;SHENG Mengge;LUO Jing;LI Xiaoguang;CHEN Ruxia;PANG Tao;XIE Hanzhong(Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit(Zhengzhou),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部果品质量安全风险评估实验室(郑州)·中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第2期42-46,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2020-ZFRI);2020年国家农产品质量安全风险评估专项(GJFP2020003);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2020PT32)。

摘　　要：为了探明西瓜生产中氯吡脲使用的关键控制点,以‘中科1号’和‘中科6号’2个西瓜品种为试材,采用7个不同剂量的氯吡脲在开花当天涂抹瓜胎,分析西瓜坐果率、裂瓜率、番茄红素和糖含量等重要农艺性状,并评价氯吡脲的使用剂量及其安全性。结果表明,氯吡脲施药剂量与西瓜坐果率和裂瓜率呈显著正相关,西瓜中番茄红素含量与葡萄糖和果糖含量呈显著正相关,适量的氯吡脲可以提高西瓜坐果率,增加番茄红素和葡萄糖含量。‘中科1号’和‘中科6号’西瓜上使用氯吡脲的最佳剂量均为5 mg·kg^(-1)。待西瓜成熟时,在2个西瓜品种的果实中均未检出氯吡脲残留,不影响消费者安全食用。研究结果可为西瓜生产中氯吡脲合理使用提供技术支撑,为引导消费提供科学依据。In order to identify the key control points for the use of forchlorfenuron in watermelon production.Two watermelon varieties‘ZK-1’and‘ZK-6’were used as test materials,and seven different doses of forchlorfenuron were applied to watermelon ovary on the day of flowering.The fruit setting rate,split rate,lycopene,sugar and other important agronomic traits of watermelon were analyzed,and the dosage and safety of forchlorfenuron were evaluated.Results showed that the dosage of forchlorfenuron was significantly positively correlated with the fruit setting rate and splitting rate of watermelon.The lycopene in watermelon was significantly positively correlated with glucose and fructose.Appropriate dosage of forchlorfenuron could increase the fruit setting rate of watermelon and the content of lycopene and glucose.The optimal dosage of forchlorfenuron for‘ZK-1’and‘ZK-6’watermelon were 5 mg·kg^(-1).The residue of forchlorfenuron was not detected in the mature fruits of the two watermelon varieties,which did not affect safe consumption.The research results could provide technical support for the rational use of forchlorfenuron in watermelon production and a scientific basis for guiding consumption.

关 键 词：西瓜 氯比脲 农艺性状 番茄红素 安全 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学] S482.8[农业科学—园艺学]