原型理论观照下的翻译单位辨析  

Rethinking the Unit of Translation from the Perspective of Prototype Theory

作　　者：冯全功[1] FENG Quangong(Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语言文化与国际交流学院

出　　处：《中国翻译》2021年第1期21-29,190,共10页Chinese Translators Journal

基　　金：全国翻译专业学位研究生教育研究重点委托项目“《翻译概论》学研结合教学模式探索”(TIJZWWT202001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：翻译单位有过程指向和产品指向两种类型,语篇以及语篇的任何组成单位都是潜在的产品指向型翻译单位。鉴于翻译单位的多元性和动态性,本文把其视为一个原型概念,分为操作和理论两个层面,认为句子是操作层面的翻译单位原型,语篇是理论层面的翻译单位原型,一些其他可能的翻译单位在这两个层面具有不尽相同的典型性或隶属度。操作层面侧重转换,理论层面侧重分析,两者统一于具体的翻译行为之中。原型理论视角下的翻译单位双层面研究有利于译者选择最适宜的翻译单位,培养译者整体细译的意识与能力。The unit of translation has been conceptualized through either a process-oriented approach or a product-oriented one.Neither,however,has in itself done justice to the pluralistic and dynamic nature of this category.Building on the product-oriented conception,this paper maintains that the unit of translation can better be understood in terms of a prototypical concept,one that is situated on both an operational and a theoretical level.It further holds that from this new perspective,sentence should be considered the prototypical unit of translation on the operational level while text must be seen as that on the theoretical level.On both levels,ten possible units of translation could be identified on the basis of their different typicality or varying membership.Functionally,transfer is emphasized on the operational level whereas on the theoretical level,analysis is stressed.In the process of translating or in a specific translation act,however,a functional unity is achieved between transfer and analysis.The new conception is capable of facilitating the translator's selection of the most suitable unit of translation,and it will also help to foster his or her awareness and ability of close translating.

关 键 词：原型理论 翻译单位 句子 语篇 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]