老子的“战略论”  

Lao Zi’s“Strategy Theory”

作　　者：江声皖 Jiang Shengwan

机构地区：[1]安徽电视大学黄山市分校远程教育应用研究所

出　　处：《孙子研究》2020年第5期67-76,共10页Sunzi Studies

摘　　要：老子的“战略论”由《道德经》第三十一、第五十四、第五十章组成。老子依据“道”的原理、“德”的规范去辩证地分析事物:其“兵者不祥之器,非君子之器,不得已而用之,恬淡为上”,表明了他的军事战略思想是“慎战”,而不是“反战”,这便与孙子的战略思想同声相应,同气相求;他们的“慎战”思想又都根源于不能容忍过多地“杀人”。同样,从其“善剑者不拔,善抱者不脱,子孙以祭祀不辍”一句可以看出,与孙子的名言“不战而屈人之兵”异曲同工,都表明他们认为用威力服人是“慎战”的最高境界。Laozi’s“strategic theory”is composed of chapters 31,54 and 50 of他Tao De Jing.Lao Zi analyzes things dialectically based on the principles of“Tao”and the norms of“virtue”.His words“Of all things,soldiers are instruments of evil.They are not the weapons of the gentlemen.When the use of soldiers cannot be helped,the best policy is calm restraint.”Is“keep cautious in resorting to war”instead of“anti-war”.This corresponds to Sun Zi’s strategic thinking.Their“cautious war”thinking is rooted in the inability to tolerate excessive“killing”.Similarly,it can be seen from the sentence“Who is good at fencing does not pull out his sword.Who has a firm grasp does not easily let go.From generation to generation his ancestral sacrifices shall be continued without fail”,which is similar to Sun Z’s famous saying“breaking the enemy’s resistance without fighting”,and shows that they believe that using power to subdue people is the highest state of“being cautious in resorting to war”.

关 键 词：老子 兵经 战略论 孙子 慎战 不战 

分 类 号：B22[哲学宗教—中国哲学]