2011-2019年吉林省食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染状况分析  

Analysis on contamination of Bacillus cereus in foodstuff in Jilin Province from 2011 to 2019

作　　者：赵薇[1] 杨修军[1] 张思文 王太君 刘思洁[1] 李可维[1] 石奔 孙景昱 付尧[1] 黄鑫[1] ZHAO Wei;YANG Xiujun;ZHANG Siwen;WANG Taijun;LIU Sijie;LI Kewei;SHI Ben;SUN Jingyu;FU Yao;HUANG Xin(Jilin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jilin Public Health Research Institute,Jilin Changchun 130000,China;School of Public Health,Jilin University,Jilin Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省疾病预防控制中心吉林省公共卫生研究院,吉林长春130000 [2]吉林大学公共卫生学院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2020年第6期660-663,共4页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目重点科技研发项目(20180201053SF)。

摘　　要：目的了解2011—2019年吉林省食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染情况,为食品安全监管及食源性疾病防治提供理论依据。方法采集2011—2019年吉林省九个地(市)级的餐饮服务环节和流通环节中的样品3173份,参照GB 4789.14—2014《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验蜡样芽胞杆菌检验》中的方法,对食品中的蜡样芽胞杆菌进行检测并分析。结果2011—2019年吉林省3173份食品样品中,蜡样芽胞杆菌总检出率为23.6%(750/3173),2015年检出率最高(38.5%,62/161),2017年检出率最低(11.8%,20/170);白山市检出率最高(35.8%,139/388),其次为延边州(31.4%,97/309),四平市检出率最低(15.3%,76/496);蛋与蛋制品检出率最高(60.0%,3/5),其次为乳与乳制品(39.3%,114/290)及婴幼儿食品(31.1%,185/595);百货商场中蜡样芽胞杆菌检出率最高(32.4%,22/68),其次为小吃店及饮品店(30.9%,43/139)、快餐店(29.1%,25/86)。平板计数(CFU)法测得蜡样芽胞杆菌检出结果的中位数(四分位数间距)为5.8(2.9,8.7)CFU/g(mL),稀释培养测数(MPN)法测得结果的中位数(四分位数间距)为6.4(3.2,9.6)MPN/g(mL)。结论吉林省各地市食品中存在不同程度的蜡样芽胞杆菌污染,以白山市最为严重,蛋与蛋制品、乳与乳制品是主要受污染食品,食品监管部门应加强百货商场、小吃店及饮品店等地点的安全监测与管理。Objective To understand the contamination of Bacillus cereus in foodstuff of Jilin Province from 2011 to 2019,and to provide theoretical basis for food safety monitoring and prevention of foodborne diseases.Methods Totally 3173 samples were collected from the catering service and circulation of nine prefecture(city)levels in Jilin Province from 2011 to 2019.Bacillus cereus in food was detected according to the method of GB 4789.14-2014 national food safety standard microbiological examination of food.The detection rate was analyzed by rate,composition ratio and χ^(2) test.Results Among 3173 food samples from 2011 to 2019 in Jilin Province,the total detection rate of Bacillus cereus was 23.6%(750/3173),the highest was in 2015(38.5%,62/161),and the lowest was in 2017(11.8%,20/170).Baishan City had the highest detection rate(35.8%,139/388),followed by Yanbian Prefecture(31.4%,97/309),and Siping City had the lowest detection rate(15.3%,76/496).The detection rate of egg and egg products was the highest(60.0%,3/5),followed by milk and dairy products(39.3%,114/290)and infant food(31.1%,185/595).Contamination of Bacillus cereus was the highest in department stores(32.4%,22/68),followed by snack bars and beverage stores(30.9%,43/139),and fast food stores(29.1%,25/86).The median(interquartile interval)of the detection result of Bacillus cereus by colony forming units method was 5.8(2.9,8.7)CFU/g(mL),and the median(interquartile interval)of that by most probable number method was 6.4(3.2,9.6)MPN/g(mL).Conclusion There were different degrees of Bacillus cereus contamination in foodstuff in Jilin Province.Among the different cities,foodstuff samples collected from Baishan City was much more serious.Eggs and egg products,milk and dairy products were the main contaminated food.Safety monitoring and management of the snack bar,beverage shop and places in department store should be strengthen.

关 键 词：蜡样芽胞杆菌 食源性致病菌 监测 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]