新语文学/世界语文学的方法论启示:中国学术如何融入世界学术?  

Inspirations from New Philology/World Philology:How Chinese Humanities Integrated with World Humanities

作　　者：贾晋华[1,2] JIA Jinhua(University of Macao;Yangzhou University)

机构地区：[1]澳门大学哲学及宗教学系 [2]扬州大学文学院

出　　处：《国际比较文学（中英文）》2021年第1期25-35,共11页International Comparative Literature

摘　　要：语文学是中西共有的学术传统。在西方,始于公元前3世纪古希腊的语文学源远流长,被誉为现代人文各学科的源头。在中国,涵括文字学、音韵学、训诂学、校勘学、目录学、文献学和考据学的语文学自汉代以来就成为学术的根基,至清代乾嘉学术达到高峰。20世纪初以来,由于现代语言学的兴起及人文学科的分枝散叶,语文学在东西方都衰落了一段时期。但近三四十年来,语文学正在世界范围内呈现复兴和变革的趋势,先后出现各种新语文学,并正在发展成为世界语文学。新语文学/世界语文学强调通过考证和阐释原始文献(文本的和其他载体的)而全面探讨其社会历史背景和语言文化意义,从而有可能将人文各学科重新融会贯通。由于是中西共有的传统方法,新语文学/世界语文学可以抛开无休止的中学西学之争。由于强调考据训诂与分析评论相结合,新语文学/世界语文学的研究方法可以导致既有厚实文献基础、又有深刻义理阐释并遵循国际学术规范的世界一流成果,从而真正融入世界学术。Philology is the common academic tradition in both China and the West.In the West,philology began in Greece as early as the third century BCE,which has been regarded as the origin of the various modern disciplines of the humanities.In China,philology encompasses paleography,phonology,exegetics,textual studies,bibliography,documentation,and evidential studies.It had been the academic foundation since the Han dynasty and reached a high peak in the Qianlong-Jiaqing scholarship of the Qing dynasty.Since the beginning of the twentieth century,with the rise of modern linguistics and the ramifications of other humanities disciplines,philology has declined in both the West and East.In recent decades,however,philology has presented a tendency of reviving and reforming.Various kinds of new philology have emerged and are developing into world philology.New philology/world philology emphasizes investigating socio-historical contexts and language-cultural implications by studying and interpreting primary literature(either textual or in other media).As a result,this new tendency can reintegrate the various disciplines of the humanities.As the common tradition of China and the West,new philology/world philology can throw away the endless disputes concerning the superiority of Chinese learning or Western learning.Because of its emphasis on the combination of evidential study and analytical research,new philology/world philology as a research approach can lead to greatly improved outcomes of solid documentation,profound interpretation,and international academic standards,eventually integrating Chinese humanities with world humanities.

关 键 词：中国学术 世界学术 语文学 新语文学 世界语文学 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]