检查距离为2.5m的视力表检查青少年远视力准确性的研究  

Veracity of using a visual chart with a testing distance of 2.5 meters for measurement of distance visual acuity in teenagers

作　　者：崔建君 章萌萌[1] 罗明月 干霖洋 杨景元[1] 谢海燕[1] 康卫娟[1] 赵家良[1] Cui Jianjun;Zhang Mengmeng;Luo Mingyue;Gan Linyang;Yang Jingyuan;Xie Haiyan;Kang Weijuan;Zhao Jialiang(Department of Ophthalmology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京协和医院眼科,100730

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2021年第2期122-125,共4页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的探讨检查距离为2.5 m的视力表检查远视力的准确性。方法自身对照研究。选取2019年3至9月于北京协和医院眼科门诊就诊的屈光不正青少年227例(454只眼),其中男性123例,女性104例,年龄(11.74±3.26)岁。在相同测试环境下,由经过培训并通过一致性检验的视力检查人员分别采用检查距离为2.5和5 m的视力表检查所有受检者双眼的远视力,并将结果转化为最小分辨角的对数(logMAR)进行分析。两种视力表检查的先后次序采用抽签法随机决定,检查间隔时间为10 min。将受检者按年龄(7~9岁、10~12岁、13~15岁、16~18岁)和视力(1.00~0.52、0.40~0.30、0.22~0.10)分别进行两种视力表检查结果的比较。采用配对t检验比较两种视力表的检查结果的差异,采用Pearson相关检验探讨两种视力表所检查结果的相关性。结果检查距离为2.5和5 m的视力表测得的所有受检者右眼远视力分别为0.37±0.24和0.50±0.26,左眼远视力分别为0.45±0.23和0.36±0.23,差异均有统计学意义(t=16.19,11.71;P<0.01),检查距离为2.5 m的视力表测得的视力偏高。视力差的青少年两种视力表检查结果的差异更大(r=0.387,P<0.01)。结论在相同的测试条件下,应用检查距离为2.5 m的视力表检查远视力,其结果明显好于检查距离为5 m的视力表;采用检查距离为2.5 m视力表检查远视力不是检查青少年远视力的恰当方法。Objective To compare the results of visual acuity testing for teenagers with visual acuity charts designed at 2.5-meter and 5-meter distances,and to investigate the accuracy of the 2.5-meter visual acuity chart.Methods It was a self-control study.A total of 227 teenagers(454 eyes)with ametropia who came to the ophthalmic clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2019 to September 2019 were included.There were 123 males and 104 females aged(11.74±3.26)years.The vision examiners were trained in the same testing environment and passed the consistency test.Distance visual acuity of all participants was tested with charts designed at 2.5 meters and 5 meters in a 10-minute interval.According to the age(7-9,10-12,13-15 and 16-18 years old)and visual acuity(1.00-0.52,0.40-0.30 and 0.22-0.10),the results of two kinds of visual acuity charts were compared.The testing order of the two visual charts was randomly determined.The visual acuity results were converted into logMAR values and compared.Paried t-student test was used to compare the difference between two charts,and Pearson correlation test was used to explore the correlation between the results of two charts.Results The visual acuity of the right eye was 0.37±0.24(logMAR)at 2.5 meters and 0.50±0.26(logMAR)at 5 meters.The distance visual acuity measured with the 2.5-meter visual acuity chart was better(t=16.19,P<0.01).The visual acuity of the left eye was 0.36±0.23(logMAR)at 2.5 meters and 0.45±0.23(logMAR)at 5 meters(t=11.71,P<0.01).The differences between two charts were larger among teenagers with lower visual acuity(r=0.387,P<0.01).Conclusion Under the same test conditions,the distance visual acuity measured with a 2.5-meter chart was significantly better than a 5-meter chart.The visual acuity chart designed at 2.5 meters was not an appropriate tool to measure distance vision in adolescents.

关 键 词：视力试验 视敏度 青少年 

分 类 号：R778.1[医药卫生—眼科]