富含有益矿质元素小麦种质资源的筛选及育种利用  

Screening and Breeding Utilization of Wheat Germplasm Resources Rich in Beneficial Mineral Elements

作　　者：王维[1] 郭红 于慧 吴崇宁 李小康 陈广凤[2] 田纪春[1] 邓志英[1] WANG Wei;GUO Hong;YU Hui;WU Chong-ning;LI Xiao-kang;CHEN Guang-feng;TIAN Ji-chun;DENG Zhi-ying(Agronomy college of Shandong Agricultural University,Stage Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Group of Wheat Quality Breeding,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China;Dezhou University,College of Ecology,Resources and Environment,Dezhou,Shandong 253000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院,作物生物学国家重点实验室,小麦品质育种研究室,山东泰安271018 [2]德州学院生态与资源环境学院,山东德州253000

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2021年第2期15-24,共10页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程(2019LZGC017);国家自然科学基金(31871613);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J17KA148;J17KB116);山东省研究生教育导师能力提升计划;山东省重点研发计划(2017GNC10102)。

摘　　要：有益矿质元素是人体中不可缺少的营养元素之一。伴随饮食结构的调整,人们对小麦矿质元素营养方面的需求也越来越强烈。因此,筛选低重金属含量高有益矿质元素的小麦种质资源对培育高营养矿质元素、低重金属含量的特色小麦新品种和保证农产品的质量安全具有重要的理论和现实意义。研究以205份小麦种质为材料,对3年2个地点共四个环境下的小麦籽粒进行矿质元素含量的测定及高有益矿质元素和低重金属种质资源的筛选。结果表明,矿质元素含量在不同环境下和不同的小麦品种中都有差异。总体来看,各元素的含量均呈连续分布,是典型的数量性状。小麦籽粒中钙、锰、铜、锌、硒五种矿质元素含量在德州点均显著高于泰安点,而重金属含量总体上泰安点低于德州点。共筛选出单种有益矿质元素含量较高的材料38个,如钙含量最高的材料为B111、铁元素含量最高的材料为B189等;多种有益矿质元素含量都比较高的材料有24个,如B45、B38和B21三个品种的籽粒中同时含有4种高含量的有益矿质元素;高有益矿质元素低有害矿质元素含量的材料共33个,如B125,Ca、Fe、Cu的含量较高而Pb含量低。Beneficial mineral elements are one of the indispensable nutrients in human body.With the adjustment of diet structure,people’s demand for mineral elements in wheat is becoming stronger and stronger.Therefore,screening wheat germplasm resources with low heavy metal content and high beneficial mineral elements has important theoretical and practical significance for cultivating new wheat varieties with high nutrient mineral elements and low heavy metal content and ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products.In this study,205 wheat germplasms from 2 areas were collected to determine the content of mineral elements and screen germplasm resources with high beneficial mineral elements and low heavy metals under four environments in three years.The results showed that the contents of mineral elements were different in different environments and different wheat varieties.In general,the content of each element showed continuous distribution,which was a typical quantitative character.The contents of calcium,manganese,copper,zinc and selenium in wheat grain in Dezhou point were significantly higher than those in Tai'an,while the contents of heavy metals in Tai’an were lower than those in De Zhou.A total of 38 varieties(lines)with high content of beneficial mineral elements were selected,such as B111 with the highest content of calcium,and the variety with the highest iron content,such as B189.There were 24 varieties(lines)with high contents of various beneficial mineral elements,such as B45,B38 and B21,whose grains contained 4 kinds of high contents of beneficial mineral elements.A total of 33 varieties(lines)with high beneficial mineral elements and low harmful mineral elements contents were identified,such as B125 with higher content of Ca,Fe,Cu and lower Pb.

关 键 词：小麦 有益矿质元素 重金属 种质筛选 育种利用 

分 类 号：TS202.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]