青海省不同地区人群膳食摄碘水平调查  

Investigation on dietary iodine intake of people in different areas of Qinghai Province

作　　者：孟献亚[1] 甘培春[1] 李勇[1] 李亚楠[1] 杨佩珍[1] 蔡生花[1] 胡兰盛[1] 陈勋[1] 余慧珍[1] 张秀丽[1] 何多龙[1] 张雪飞[1] Meng Xianya;Gan Peichun;Li Yong;Li Yanan;Yang Peizhen;Cai Shenghua;Hu Lansheng;Chen Xun;Yu Huizhen;Zhang Xiuli;He Duolong;Zhang Xuefei(Department of Endemic Disease,Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining 811602,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所地方病科,西宁811602

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2021年第2期132-136,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的调查青海省不同地区人群膳食碘摄入量,为科学补碘、持续消除碘缺乏危害提供依据。方法2018-2019年,依据青海省行政区划、自然地理区划、人口分布和经济发展水平,共抽取14个调查点,每个调查点抽取1个村,每个村抽取20户世居者,采集每户家庭盐样、每个家庭成员24 h尿样,检测盐碘、尿碘;在每个村按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各采集1份生活饮用水,检测水碘。盐碘检测采用直接滴定法,尿碘、水碘检测采用砷铈催化分光光度法。同时,采用3日称量法进行膳食调查,计算日人均膳食碘摄入量(结果以表示)和尿碘中膳食碘占比,比较不同生产方式(农业区和牧业区),不同地理环境(河湟谷地、柴达木盆地、祁连山地和青南高原),不同民族(汉族、藏族、回族、蒙古族、土族、撒拉族),不同经济水平(<8000、8000~、10000~、≥12000元)人群日人均膳食碘摄入量。结果共调查280个家庭999人,其中男性511人、女性488人。各调查点水碘中位数均<10μg/L,均为环境缺碘地区。共采集盐样280份,盐碘中位数为26.0 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为100%(280/280)。共检测尿样999份,人群尿碘中位数为192.5μg/L,处于碘适宜水平。农业区(n=643)、牧业区(n=356)人群日人均膳食碘摄入量(28.53、33.44μg)比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-1.599,P>0.05)。河湟谷地(n=448)、柴达木盆地(n=125)、祁连山地(n=157)、青南高原(n=269)人群日人均膳食碘摄入量(25.38、33.30、32.98、34.79μg)比较,差异有统计学意义(F=2.883,P<0.05);其中,河湟谷地日人均膳食碘摄入量低于青南高原(P<0.05)。各民族人群日人均膳食碘摄入量比较,差异有统计学意义(F=3.647,P<0.05),撒拉族(n=68)和藏族(n=239)较高,分别为37.21和32.21μg。年人均可支配收入<8000、8000~、10000~、≥12000元人群(n=194、221、302、282)日人均膳食碘摄入量(38.97、17.01、30.86、33.14μg)比较,差异有统计学意义Objective To investigate the dietary iodine intake of people in different areas of Qinghai Province,and to provide the basis for scientific iodine supplementation and continuous elimination of iodine deficiency hazards.Methods From 2018 to 2019,according to administrative division,natural geographical regions,population distribution and economic development level of Qinghai Province,a total of 14 survey sites were selected.One village was selected from each survey site,and 20 households were selected from each village,the salt samples and 24 h urine samples of all family members were collected to detect salt iodine and urinary iodine.One drinking water sample was collected at the five directions of east,west,south,north and middle of each village to detect water iodine.Salt iodine was detected by direct titration,urinary iodine and water iodine were detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.At the same time,the 3-day weighing method was used to investigate the diet,the daily dietary iodine intake per capita(the result was expressed as average)and the proportion of dietary iodine in urinary iodine were calculated,the daily dietary iodine intake per capita of different production modes(agricultural region and pastoral region),different geographical environment(Hehuang Valley,Qaidam Basin,Qilian Mountain and Qingnan Plateau),different nationalities(Han,Tibetan,Hui,Mongolian,Tu,Salar)and different economic levels(<8000,8000-,10000-,≥12000 Yuan)were compared.Results A total of 999 people from 280 families were surveyed,including 511 males and 488 females.The median water iodine of each survey site was less than 10μg/L,all of which were environmentally iodine-deficient areas.A total of 280 salt samples were collected,the median salt iodine was 26.0 mg/kg,and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 100%(280/280).A total of 999 urine samples were tested,and the median urinary iodine of people was 192.5μg/L,which was at an appropriate level of iodine.There was no statistically significant diffe

关 键 词：碘 盐类 膳食 尿 饮用水 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]