小学数学运算规则学习的样例—问题匹配形式  

The Impact of Example-Problem Pair Forms on Elementary Students’Learning of Mathematical Operations

作　　者：林洪新[1] 王云鹏 郑淑杰[1] LIN Hong-xin;WANG Yun-peng;ZHENG Shu-jie(School of Education Science,Ludong University,Shangdong Yantai 264011,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学教育科学学院,山东烟台264011

出　　处：《数学教育学报》2021年第1期74-78,共5页Journal of Mathematics Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目--解释法对小学生数学运算样例学习成绩与认知负荷的影响(15YJC190011)。

摘　　要：为考察小学生在学习不同难度数学运算规则时采用哪种样例—问题匹配形式效果最佳,设计与开发出样例—问题交替式、问题—样例交替式、样例—问题分块式与样例—问题互动式4种形式,并对237名三年级小学生进行研究.结果表明:在低难度数学运算规则上,各种样例—问题匹配形式下小学生的学习成绩没有显著差异;在高难度数学运算规则上,样例—问题互动式下小学生的学习成绩最高,样例—问题交替式与问题—样例交替式下的学习成绩次之,样例—问题分块式下的学习成绩最低.这表明与其它样例—问题匹配形式相比,小学生学习高难度数学运算规则时采用样例—问题互动式效果最佳.In order to explore the kind of forms with example-problem pair is the best for students to learn mathematical operations with different difficulty levels,we designed and developed example-problem alternation,problem-example alternation,example-problem block,and example-problem interaction in a study of 237 third-grade pupils.The results revealed that:For the low-difficulty mathematical operations,there were no significant differences in the learning performances among the four example-problem pair forms;for the high-difficulty mathematical operational rule,the performances for the example-problem interaction form were better than those of the example-problem alternation form and problem-example alternation form,and performances for the example-problem block form were the worst.This shows that,compared to the other three example-problem pair forms,the example-problem interaction form was the best way for pupils to learn the high-difficulty mathematical operational rules.

关 键 词：数学运算规则 样例—问题匹配 样例 小学生 

分 类 号：G622[文化科学—教育学]