珠三角地区部分中小学生在校午餐营养供给状况评估  

Nutritional of assessment school lunches for primary and secondary school students in the Pearl River Delta

作　　者：吴西梅[1] 黄伟雄[1] 邵义娟 李晖[1] 杨静兰 郭德亮 马瑞清 越静文 WU Ximei;HUANG Weixiong;SHAO Yijuan;LI Hui;YANG Jinglan;GUO Deliang;MA Ruiqing;YUE Jingwen(Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou(511430),China)

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心卫生化验所,广州511430

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第2期207-210,214,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解珠三角地区部分中小学学生餐的膳食能量和主要营养素供应情况,为提高学生餐营养质量和制定有效的学生营养干预措施提供科学依据。方法对珠三角地区的8所中小学3个年龄段学生的午餐进行连续5 d的膳食样品采集,通过化学分析法测定学生餐的营养成分含量,并与学生餐指南对应的营养素摄入标准进行对比分析。结果 8所中小学午餐蛋白质含量达到参考值的百分比范围为80%~95%,蛋白质供能比均达到17%以上;63%以上的学生午餐脂肪供能比超过推荐标准,各年龄段学生餐碳水化合物供能比为38.3%~42.3%,低于推荐标准;膳食维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、钙和碘等营养素供应不足,钠的摄入量超过推荐值。结论珠三角地区部分中小学生午餐中的主要营养素基本能够满足学生生长发育所需,但仍然存在部分维生素、矿物质供应不足及脂肪供能比过高的情况。建议对供餐企业加强营养培训和指导,提升营养午餐的科学搭配能力。Objective To investigate nutritional quality of school lunch in some primary schools and middle schools in the Pearl River Delta, and to provide the scientific basis for improving the nutritional quality of students’ lunch and formulating scientific and effective interventions. Methods Five-day lunch meal survey by chemical analysis were conducted, and students’ lunch at school were recorded by meal review in three age groups from 8 primary and middle schools in the Pear River Delat area. The energy and nutrient content were obtained and compared with the reference intake of dietary nutrients of student. Results The average protein intake at lunch of all age groups had reached the recommended standard(80%-95%), the energy supply ratio of carbohydrate in the range of 38.3%-42.3%, the energy supply ratio of fat in 63% school meal exceeded the recommended standard. Vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium, iron and other nutrients were seriously inadequate;while sodium intake far exceeded the recommended standard. Conclusion The main nutrients of school lunch of primary and middle school in Pearl River Delta can basically meet the growth and development needs, but there are still some deficiency and unbalanced diet nutrient content which are lower than the recommended intake. It is recommended to strengthen nutrition education of catering enterprises and school to improve the scientific combination of diets.

关 键 词：营养状况 膳食调查 能量摄取 学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R151.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]