3种碳纳米材料对斑马鱼生长发育、氧化应激及代谢的影响  

Effects of Three Carbonaceous Nanomaterials on the Developmental Toxicity,Oxidative Stress,and Metabolic Profile in Zebrafish

作　　者：孙晶 欧阳少虎 胡献刚[1] 周启星[1] Sun Jing;Ouyang Shaohu;Hu Xiangang;Zhou Qixing(Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria(Ministry of Education),Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津市城市生态环境修复与污染防治重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2020年第6期101-114,共14页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-山东联合基金(U1906222);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(T2017002);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21677080)。

摘　　要：碳纳米材料(carbonaceous nanomaterials,CNMs)是人工纳米材料的重要组成部分,在各领域应用广泛。以斑马鱼为模式动物,比较了氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO)、碳纳米管(carbon tube,CNT)和氧化石墨烯量子点(graphene oxide quantum dot,GOQD)3种典型CNMs对斑马鱼幼鱼的生长发育毒性,并探究了低浓度长时间暴露下3种CNMs对斑马鱼成鱼亚急性毒性效应及分子机制。结果表明,0.01~10 mg·L^(-1)的3种CNMs对斑马鱼胚胎发育无显著影响,但会诱导产生活性氧簇(ROS)和线粒体膜损伤,其毒性排序依次是GOQD>CNT>GO;环境相关浓度(0.01 mg·L^(-1))下斑马鱼成鱼在3种CNMs中亚急性暴露21 d后,会引起斑马鱼腮和肾脏细胞衰老,同时抑制斑马鱼总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性;代谢组学分析表明,3种CNMs对斑马鱼代谢组影响的顺序为GOQD>CNT>GO,T-SOD活性与代谢组学关联分析表明,脂肪酸和脯氨酸的变化是引起斑马鱼T-SOD活性变化的分子机理之一。该结果为评价3种典型CNMs对生态系统和人体健康的潜在影响提供了理论依据。As an important part of artificial nanomaterials,carbonaceous nanomaterials(CNMs)are widely applied in a plenty of areas such as energy,manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries.In the present study,the developmental toxicity,induced by three typical CNMs including graphene oxide(GO),carbon nanotube(CNT)and graphene oxide quantum dot(GOQD)was investigated in the typical model animal,zebrafish larva.The induced sub-acute toxicity at the low concentration of GO,CNT and GOQD was investigated in adult zebrafish,either.Moreover,the molecular mechanisms at the level of metabolomics were also explored.The results showed that there was a significant increase in reactive oxygen species(ROS),and mitochondrial membrane damage was caused by GO,CNT and GOQD in zebrafish larva.However,there was no significant developmental toxicity on zebrafish larva.The toxicity order in terms of the ROS increase and mitochondrial membrane damage was GOQD>CNT>GO.The chronic exposure at the typical environment-associated concentration(0.01 mg·L^(-1))of CNMs can induce gill and kidney cell senescence of adult zebrafish.Meanwhile,it can also inhibit total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in adult zebrafish in the subacute toxicity test(21 d)at the concentration of 0.01 mg·L^(-1).The metabolomics research revealed that the toxicity order at the environment-associated concentration acting on adult zebrafish was GOQD>CNT>GO;and it showed that fatty acids and proline turbulence may be responsible for one of the molecular mechanisms of T-SOD inhibition in adult zebrafish.This work can supply rationale to evaluate the potential risk of ecosystems and human health induced by the three typical CNMs.

关 键 词：氧化石墨烯 碳纳米管 量子点 斑马鱼 纳米毒性 活性氧 代谢组学 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]