王阳明与杜威德育思想比较研究:基于本体论和认识论的视角  

Comparison of Wang Yangming's and Dewey's Ideas on Moral Education Based on Ontology and Epistemology

作　　者：游柱然 胡英姿 YOU Zhuran;HU Yingzi(School of Teacher Education,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院教师教育学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2021年第3期1-7,F0002,共8页Journal of Shaoxing University

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学项目“中国传统德育哲学的变革与发展--浙籍思想家的贡献”(19NDJC123YB)

摘　　要：王阳明与杜威是分属中西方、有重大影响力的哲学家和教育家,对他们的思想进行比较可为创新发展当前德育理论方法提供哲学智慧和跨文化视角。一方面,两者在诸如良知与经验、致良知与工具主义等概念上差异明显;另一方面,两者在德育相关哲学内涵上又惊人相似:都主张道德认知的主客一元、身心合一,反对知行分离;均强调人的主体精神,以人的体验感受为中心,反对绝对主义、权威主义;都注重情感与想象的作用及德育过程中的审美经验。两人在德育方法上的独到之处如王阳明的直觉顿悟和杜威的科学探究,以及他们有关控制人欲望中的消极因素或利用其积极因素来推进道德学习的思路,对当前德育实践和教育改革均有较高的启迪意义。Wang Yangming and Dewey are Chinese and Western philosophers and educators of great influence.Comparing their ideas can provide philosophical wisdom and a cross-cultural perspective for the innovative development of current moral education theories.On the one hand,they differ greatly in such concepts as innate knowledge and experience,extension of innate knowledge and instrumentalism;on the other hand,there are delicious similarities in their philosophy-related moral education notions:they both advocate the unity of subject and object of moral cognition and the unity of mind and body,but oppose the detachment of knowledge from action;they both emphasize the subjective spirit of man and focus on human experience,but oppose absolutism and authoritarianism;they both pay heed to the role of emotion and imagination and the aesthetic experience in the process of moral education.Wang Yangming's intuition and epiphany and Dewey's scientific inquiry,together with their ideas on governing the negative factors in human lust or using its positive factors to promote moral learning,demonstrate the uniqueness of their respective moral education thoughts,which have certain important implications for current moral education practice and education reform.

关 键 词：王阳明 杜威 德育思想 本体论 认识论 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B151