学科核心素养导向下的2020年高考全国Ⅰ卷理综化学试题评析  

Research on the Chemistry Test Paper of 2020 National College Entrance Examination(VolumeⅠ)Guided by Core Literacy

作　　者：廖敏华 孙建明[3,4] 王后雄 Liao Minhua;Sun Jianming;Wang Houxiong

机构地区：[1]惠州市实验中学,武汉430000 [2]华中师范大学化学学院 [3]湖北第二师范学院 [4]华东师范大学课程研究所 [5]华中师范大学考试研究院

出　　处：《教育测量与评价》2021年第4期37-45,共9页Educational Measurement and Evaluation

基　　金：全国教育科学“十二五”规划教育部重点项目“基于全国统一命题趋势下高考试题命制公平监测体系构建与实施研究”(DHA150289)的阶段性成果;中国博士后科学基金第58批(2015M580301)的资助。

摘　　要：基于化学学科核心素养,从真实情境、实际问题、必备知识、关键能力4个角度构建高考化学试题分析框架,对2020年高考全国Ⅰ卷理综化学试题中学科核心素养各个维度及其水平进行分析。研究发现:高考化学试题以真实情境为测试载体,展现了学科育人价值和时代核心价值;以实际问题为测试任务,关注了学科实践,考查了关键能力;重视学科必备知识,强化了学科思想方法。为了更好地提升学生的学科核心素养,教师应该注重创设真实情境,鼓励学生解决实际问题;注重培养关键能力,发展学科思想方法;回归课程标准与教材基础,避免过度教学。This article constructs an analysis framework of examination questions based on the core literacy of Chemistry from four perspectives:real situations,practical problems,necessary knowledge,and key capabilities,which analyzes the results of the examination of the core literacy and level of each dimension of the Chemistry test in volumeⅠ.According to the analysis of the test questions,it can be seen that the Chemistry test questions of the volumeⅠuse the real situations as the test carrier to show the education value of the discipline and the core value of the times,and it takes the practical problems as the test task,pays attention to the discipline practice,examines the key capabilities:attaches importance to the necessary knowledge of the discipline and strengthens the discipline thinking method.Based on the above characteristics,several teaching enlightenments are drawn:focus on creating real situations and solving practical problems,focus on cultivating key capabilites and developing discipline thinking methods,return to curriculumstandardsand clarify the depth and breadth of teaching.

关 键 词：高考化学 化学学科核心素养 试题评析 

分 类 号：G632.474[文化科学—教育学]