外来术语翻译和译名统一问题——以categorical imperative、lost generation和trace的汉译为例  

On Issues of Translating Terminology and Unifying Translated Terms

作　　者：曹明伦 CAO Ming-lun

机构地区：[1]成都大学,四川成都610106

出　　处：《上海翻译》2021年第1期83-88,F0003,共7页Shanghai Journal of Translators

摘　　要：外来术语翻译和译名统一问题是中国学术界长期面对的普遍性问题。术语翻译不准确,或者译名不统一,不仅会增加读者的认知成本,妨碍正常的学术研究和学术交流,甚至会对相关学科的学术研究造成误导。误译术语大多是因译者脱离语境、望文生义所致,一名多译则是因译者视域狭窄、缺乏文化传承和学术积累意识。翻译术语必须结合其文本语境,并认真考查产生该术语的历史文化语境,从而自具衡量,即义定名。与普通词汇不同,术语确指单一概念,因此翻译术语还必须考虑其一致性或统一性。了解甚至熟悉术语涉及的学科领域或知识范畴,有助于译者决定是沿用已有的译名还是重新翻译出更合适的术语。Translating foreign terminology and unifying translated Chinese terms have been general issues which face Chinese academe,especially the translators. Inaccurately-translated terms or one SL concept with multiple TL names would require more processing effort and extra cognizing cost,which is not good for the scholarly research and academic communication,and even results in confusion and misunderstanding among the readers related to certain academic domain. Distinct from a general word,a term designates a single concept,therefore,the necessity to ensure the consistency or oneness of translated terms must be taken into account. A general awareness or an intimate acquaintance of the contexts connected with foreign terminology to be translated will help translators make correct choices about whether to use a pre-existing TL term or to create a neologism which is more adaptable to a new language-cultural environment.

关 键 词：外来术语 术语翻译 即义定名 译名统一 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]