团体艺术行为训练对青少年人际交往的影响  

Effect of behavioral training of creative art therapy on interpersonal communication in teenagers

作　　者：马欣荣[1] 宋广荣 马陈雯姝 周永玲[1] 张月兰[1] Ma Xinrong;Song Guangrong;Ma Chenwenshu;Zhou Yongling;Zhang Yuelan(Psychological Counseling and Treatment Center,Ningxia Mental Health Center and Ningxia Ningan Hospital,Yinchuan 750021,China;Department of Scientific Research,Ningxia Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Yinchuan 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏精神卫生中心,宁夏回族自治区宁安医院心理咨询治疗中心,银川750021 [2]宁夏回族自治区妇幼保健院科研科,银川750001

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2021年第3期256-261,共6页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技厅重点研发计划项目 (2018BEG03057)。

摘　　要：目的探讨团体艺术行为训练对青少年人际交往的影响。方法将80名青少年随机分为研究组(n=40)和对照组(n=40),研究组参加团体艺术行为训练(共12次,每次120 min),对照组仅接受自然观察。两组在行为训练前后分别采用自尊量表(self-esteem scale,SES)、羞怯量表(shyness scale,SS)和儿童社交焦虑量表(social anxiety scale for children,SASC)进行评估,验证行为训练的效果。应用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。采用t检验、方差分析、Mann-Whitney U检验比较组内或组间差异。结果研究组在行为训练前后的SES总分[研究组7.00(5.00,9.75)分、对照组1.00(0,2.00)分]、SS总分[研究组7.00(6.00,12.75)分、对照组2.00(1.00,3.00)分]、SASC总分[研究组5.00(2.00,8.75)分、对照组0(0,1.00)分]及害怕否定评价因子分[研究组3.00(0.25,5.00)分、对照组1.00(0,1.00)分]和社交回避及苦恼因子分[研究组2.00(1,4.00)分、对照组0(0,1.00)分]的减分值均明显高于对照组(Z=-7.347,-7.338,-5.841,-4.122,-5.393,均P<0.05)。研究组女生在行为训练前后的SASC总分[女生(7.19±3.82)分、男生(3.21±3.04)分]及害怕否定评价因子分[女生(4.00±2.23)分、男生(1.68±2.05)分]和社交回避及苦恼因子分[女生3.00(1.00,5.00)分、男生2.00(0,2.00)分]的减分值均明显高于研究组男生(t=-3.611,-3.398,Z=-2.111,P=0.001,0.002,0.035)。结论团体艺术行为训练可显著提升青少年的自尊、缓解其羞怯和社交焦虑水平,促进青少年的人际交往。Objective To explore the effect of behavioral training of creative art therapy(CAT)on interpersonal communication in teenagers.Methods Eighty teenagers were randomly divided into study group(n=40)and control group(n=40).The study group was received the behavioral training of CAT(12 times,each activity lasts for 120 min),and the control group did not take part in the behavioral training of CAT.The two groups were measured with self-esteem scale(SES),shyness scale(SS)and social anxiety scale for children(SASC)before and after behavior training.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and t-test variance analysis and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the differences between groups or within groups.Results Before and after behavioral training,changes in the SES total score(7.00(5.00,9.75)vs 1.00(0,2.00)),the SS total score(7.00(6.00,12.75)vs 2.00(1.00,3.00)),the SASC total score(5.00(2.00,8.75)vs 0(0,1.00))and two factor scores(3.00(0.25,5.00)vs 1.00(0,1.00),2.00(1.00,4.00)vs 0(0,1.00))in the study group were obviously higher than those in the control group(Z=-7.347,-7.338,-5.841,-4.122 and-5.393,all P<0.05).The score differences of the SASC total score((7.19±3.82)vs(3.21±3.04))and two factor scores((4.00±2.23)vs(1.68±2.05),3.00(1.00,5.00)vs 2.00(0,2.00))of girls were significantly higher than those of boys in the study group(t=-3.611,-3.398,Z=-2.111,P=0.001,0.002,0.035).Conclusion Behavioral training of CAT can improve teenagers'self-esteem,relieve their shyness and social anxiety,as well as promote their interpersonal communication.

关 键 词：创造性艺术治疗 行为训练 青少年 人际交往 社交焦虑 

分 类 号：R749.72[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]