车用双向筒式液压减振器阻尼孔阻尼特性分析  

Analysis of Damping Properties of Damping Hole in Bi-directional Hydraulic Shock Absorber for Vehicles

作　　者：盛湘飞[1] 赵科宇 李智 戴权[3] 汪迅辉 SHENG Xiangfei;ZHAO Keyu;LI Zhi;DAI Quan;WANG Xunhui(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China;School of Civil Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China;School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学机械工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]南华大学土木工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [3]南华大学创新创业学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2021年第2期206-211,260,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61179051);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2019JJ50519)。

摘　　要：减振器是汽车悬架系统的重要组件,其减振效果主要受减振器阻尼孔阻尼特性的影响。基于Fluent建立减振器阻尼孔阻尼特性有限元分析模型,采用正交试验设计、方差分析和单因素分析法,探索阻尼孔几何特征参数、油液黏度及活塞运动速度对减振器阻尼孔阻尼力的影响规律。研究结果表明:1)阻尼孔直径与活塞运动速度对阻尼力有显著影响,阻尼孔长度与油液黏度的影响相对不显著;2)在给定参数条件下,阻尼力随阻尼孔直径增加而减小,随活塞运动速度增加而增加。阻尼孔直径越小,活塞运动速度越快,两者对阻尼力的影响越显著,减振器振幅衰减速度越快;3)阻尼力除受油液流经阻尼孔时流层间的内摩擦力影响外,还受流动状态影响,雷诺数超过一定值时阻尼力会增加;4)阻尼力随活塞运动速度变化的调整范围随阻尼孔直径的增加而收窄,且调整范围的降幅趋于平缓;阻尼力随阻尼孔直径变化的调整范围及其增幅均随活塞运动速度的增加而增加。Shock absorbers are important components of automobile suspension systems,and their damping effects are mainly affected by the damping properties of damping holes.In this paper,the finite element analysis model of damping properties of the damping holes in shock absorbers was established based on Fluent code.The influences of geometrical parameters of the damping holes,oil viscosity(OV)and piston movement velocity(PMV)on the damping forces of the damping holes were explored by means of orthogonal test design,variance analysis and single factor analysis.The research results show that:(1)The damping hole diameter(DHD)and PMV have a significant effect on the damping forces,while the damping hole length(DHL)and OV have minor effect on them;(2)Under the condition of given parameters,the damping force decreases with the increase of DHD and increases with the increase of PMV.The smaller the DHD is and the faster the PMV is,the more significant both influences on the damping forces are and the faster the amplitude attenuation speed of the shock absorber is;(3)The damping force is not only affected by the internal friction between the flow layers passing through the damping hole,but also by the flow state.When the Reynolds number exceeds a certain value,the damping force will be increased;(4)Adjustable range of the damping force with PMV is narrowed as the DHD increases,and the decrease of the adjustable range tends to be gentle;(5)Adjustable range of damping force with DHD and its growth rate increase with the increase of PMV.

关 键 词：振动与波 FLUENT 减振器 阻尼特性 影响规律 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]