百年耕耘、中国气派与当代繁荣——百年中国美学发展的历史回望与当下反思  

Hundred Years of Cultivation,Chinese Style and Contemporary Prosperity:A Historical Retrospect and Present Reflection on the Development of Chinese Aesthetics in Hundred Years

作　　者：张伟[1,2] ZHANG Wei(Lu Xun Academy of Fine Arts,Shenyang Liaoning 10004;School of Art,Northeast University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110819)

机构地区：[1]鲁迅美术学院,辽宁沈阳110004 [2]东北大学艺术学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《艺术百家》2021年第1期1-23,共23页Hundred Schools In Arts

摘　　要：论文从百年中国美学的形成、发展和繁荣三个方面对百年中国美学发展历史进程进行了回顾与反思。从历史来看,百年中国美学的发展可以分为两个阶段,即从20世纪初到20世纪40年代末是中国美学的开创和形成阶段;从20世纪50年代初到本世纪20年代是中国美学的创新和发展阶段。在这个阶段,中国美学经历了认识论美学、实践论美学和本体论美学的三个发展时期,形成了"中国气派美学"。这三种美学研究思维范式的嬗变说明随着时代的发展,人们对美的理解正在发生根本性的变化,体现了百年中国美学研究创新发展的历史进程,也大大促进了中国美学的当代繁荣。其标志为:美学研究队伍壮大;世界美学平等对话;美学领域学派纷呈;美学问题深入展开;命题概念丰富多彩;审美文化勃然兴起;美学著述多不胜数;中马美学独树一帜;古代美学现代阐释;文艺美学中国创立;美育教育成为国策等,这些显著的成果将进一步推进百年中国美学的创新发展。回顾中国美学发展的历程,可以看到中国美学学人百年来辛勤耕耘,守正创新,所创造的理论成果在中国美学发展史上留下了浓墨重彩的篇章。美学历史回顾的目的不是为了简单地回到过去,而是为了让美学更好地走向未来。百年中国美学继承中国古代美学优秀传统,借鉴西方美学学术资源,回归感性生活,大力推进理论创新,建构与世界美学同步的"中国气派美学",立足于世界美学之林,进而使"中国美学世界化",应该成为我们中国美学学人头等重要的学术理想。我们进行百年中国美学思想和学术历程的回顾,其实更是一种对于中国美学创新发展的热切期待,这种期待不仅仅属于当代中国美学学者,更多地则是来自我们这个时代的文化内涵和我们中华民族内在精神中蕴涵着的一种必然要求。This paper reviews and reflects on the historical process of Chinese aesthetics development from three aspects: the formation,development and prosperity of Chinese aesthetics in 100 years. From the historical point of view,a hundred years of Chinese aesthetics can be divided into two stages,that is,from the beginning of the 20 th century to the end of the 1940 s is the creation and formation of Chinese aesthetics;And from the early 1950 s to the end of the 2120 s is the innovation and development stage of Chinese aesthetics. At this stage,Chinese aesthetics experienced three development periods of epistemology aesthetics,practice aesthetics and ontology aesthetics,forming "Chinese style aesthetics ". The evolution of these three aesthetic research thinking paradigms shows that with the development of the times,people’s understanding of beauty is undergoing fundamental changes,reflecting the historical process of innovative development of Chinese aesthetic research for a hundred years. It also greatly promotes the contemporary prosperity of Chinese style aesthetics. Looking back on the course of the development of Chinese aesthetics,we can see that the theoretical achievements created by the Chinese aesthetic scholars have left a strong chapter in the history of the development of Chinese aesthetics. The purpose of aesthetic history review is not to go back to the past,but to make aesthetics go to the future better. A hundred years of Chinese aesthetics inherits the excellent tradition of ancient Chinese aesthetics,draws lessons from the academic resources of western aesthetics,returns to perceptual life,vigorously promotes theoretical innovation,and constructs a " Chinese style aesthetics" synchronized with world aesthetics,which is based on the forest of world aesthetics. We have not only carried out a review of Chinese aesthetic thought and academic course for a hundred years,but also a keen expectation for the innovation and development of Chinese aesthetics.

关 键 词：百年中国美学 中国气派 美学理论 艺术理论 当代繁荣 创新发展 

分 类 号：J01[艺术—艺术理论]