破壁方式对微藻油脂提取物中脂肪酸的影响  

Effect of wall-breaking method on extraction of oil from microalgae

作　　者：付懿 罗琴 李萌 陈亚兰 刘秋艳 罗敏[1] 丁青芝[1] Fu Yi;Luo Qin;Li Meng;Chen Yalan;Liu Qiuyan;Luo Min;Ding Qingzhi(School of Food and Biological Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《粮食与食品工业》2021年第2期1-4,8,共5页Cereal & Food Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFD0401105);江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目;江苏大学大学生科研立项。

摘　　要：本实验研究了超声波处理、挤压膨化、反复冻融、高压均质四种破壁方式对微藻油脂提取率及油脂中脂肪酸的影响,探寻最佳破壁方法。研究表明:采用混合溶剂正己烷∶乙醇=10∶3提取微藻油脂,超声辅助破壁、高压均质破壁、挤压膨化破壁、反复冻融破壁后提油的油脂得率分别26.19%±0.25%、22.46%±0.17%、25.56%±0.12%、24.89%±0.35%,挤压膨化破壁和超声辅助破壁的提油效果较好;利用气相色谱仪检测分析了微藻油脂中脂肪酸成分,比较发现微藻油脂中棕榈酸和棕榈油酸含量十分丰富,必需脂肪酸亚油酸和亚麻酸含量也在10%左右,其中含有50%的饱和脂肪酸、40%以上的单不饱和脂肪酸和10%左右的多不饱和脂肪酸,偶数碳脂肪酸含量占到80%以上。The effects of ultrasonic treatment,extrusion,repeated freeze-thaw and high-pressure homogenization on the extraction rate of microalgae oil and fatty acids inextracted oil were studied to explore the best method of breaking the wall.The results showed:Microalgae oil was extracted with mixed solvents-hexane:ethanol=10∶3,and the oil yield was 26.19%±0.25%,22.46%±0.17%,25.56%±0.12%and 24.89%±0.35%after ultrasonic assisted wall breaking,high pressure homogenization wall breaking,extrusion wall breaking and repeated freeze-thaw wall breaking,respectively.The effects of extrusion and ultrasonic assisted wall breaking were better.The microalgae oil were detected and analyzed by gas chromatography Palmitoleic acid is rich in essential fatty acids,linoleic acid and linolenic acid content is about 10%,which contains 50%saturated fatty acids,more than 40%monounsaturated fatty acids and 10%polyunsaturated fatty acids,even carbon fatty acids accounted for more than 80%.

关 键 词：微藻 破壁 油脂 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TS201[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]