现代汉语拟声词重叠作补语现象  

Overlapped Onomatopoetic Words as Complement in Modern Chinese:An Investigation

作　　者：李宇涵 LI Yu-han(Language Institute,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学语言研究所,上海200234

出　　处：《辽东学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期73-78,共6页Journal of Liaodong University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：拟声词重叠在现代汉语中可以作情态补语或程度补语。作情态补语时,其句法表现形式较少、句法变动比较自由,并具有[+连续性]、[+音量大]等语义特征;作程度补语时,具有唯补性和黏着性,语义可以是虚拟。拟声词补语可以加强言语的语势和生动性,同时具有通感功能,主要用于小说、相声等话语体文学作品。重叠的拟声词受到语境影响和隐喻机制的推动,发生了语义泛化和虚化,其描摹义弱化、程度义凸显,由最初的表示情态衍生出表示高程度的功能。Overlapped onomatopoetic words can be used as a modal complement or a degree complement in modern Chinese.When used as a modal complement,it has fewer syntactic expressions and free syntactic changes with semantic features such as continuity and loud volume;when used as a degree complement,it can only be complement and has adhesivity with virtual semantics.Onomatopoeic complements can enhance the speech's mood and vividness and have the function of synaesthesia,mainly used in novels,crosstalk and other discourse literary works.Driven by contextual influence and metaphorical mechanism,the semantic of overlapped onomatopoetic words are generalized and grammaticalized.Consequently,its descriptive meaning is weakened while the degree meaning is prominent so as to derive a function of expressing high degree from the original expression of modality.

关 键 词：拟声词 重叠 情态补语 程度补语 隐喻 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]