我国家政用工法律关系认定的立法选择  

Legislative Choice of the Legal Relationship Determination of Domestic Employment in China

作　　者：张铁薇[1] 陈茂春[1] Zhang Tiewei;Chen Maochun(School of Law,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学法学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《学术交流》2021年第3期42-51,191,共11页Academic Exchange

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“家政服务的法律规制研究”(18FXB017)。

摘　　要：我国新经济业态下的灵活用工严重冲击了传统劳动关系上的劳动者认定标准。在经济发展与社会转型过程中,家政用工法律关系认定问题的立法选择面临着当事三方的不同诉求,即家政工的权益保障、用工个人和家庭的权益维护以及家政企业(平台)的去劳动关系化诉求。以社会成本分析的方法考量,家政用工的劳动关系化、民事契约关系化和去劳动关系化各有利弊。基于此,家政用工法律关系认定的前提是将社会保障问题与劳动关系认定问题解绑,赋予家政工通过参加社会保险来分散劳动风险的资格。在此基础上,将家政用工法律关系认定为雇佣合同关系。只有这样,才能够妥善协调各方利益诉求,优化社会整体利益。Flexible employment in the new economic form of our country has seriously impacted the standard of workers'identification in traditional labor relations.In the process of economic development and social transformation,the legislative choice of the legal relationship determination of domestic employment faces different demands of the three parties,namely,the protection of the rights and interests of the domestic workers,the protection of the rights and interests of the employed individuals and families,and the demand of the de-labor relationship of the domestic enterprises(platforms).Considering the social cost analysis,the labor relations,civil contract relations and de-labor relations of domestic employment have their own advantages and disadvantages.Based on this,the premise of the legal relationship determination of domestic employment is to untie the social security and labor relationship identification,and endow the domestic workers with the qualification to disperse labor risk by participating in social insurance.On such a basis,the legal relationship of domestic employment is regarded as the employment contract relationship.Only in this way can we properly coordinate the interests of all parties and optimize the overall interests of society.

关 键 词：家政用工 劳动关系 社会成本 雇佣合同 劳动合同 

分 类 号：D922.5[政治法律—民商法学]