新型冠状病毒进化与变异  

Evolution and variation of SARS-CoV-2

作　　者：莘召 苟秋凤 焦秋霞 潘渠[1] XIN Zhao;GOU Qiufeng;JIAO Qiuxia;PAN Qu(Department of Pathogenic Biology,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院病原生物学教研室,成都610500

出　　处：《生命的化学》2021年第2期215-222,共8页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(17PJ494)。

摘　　要：本文分析了新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2,新冠病毒)的进化来源及刺突蛋白(spike protein, S)基因的突变情况。从GenBank数据库中下载相关病毒全基因组序列及S基因序列,运用DNAMAN 9.0、MEGAX等生物信息学软件,进行多序列比对,构建系统进化树,并统计S基因位点突变情况。分析结果提示,新冠病毒不可能来源于已知的6种人冠状病毒,相较于穿山甲,新冠病毒来源于蝙蝠的可能性更大。S基因的突变率应该和新冠病毒的流行时间及感染人数密切相关。未来,类似于SARS、MERS和新冠病毒这样由动物传播至人的冠状病毒可能还会出现,其流行趋势将取决于其致病性和变异性。This paper analyzed the origin and evolution of new coronaviruses(SARS-CoV-2) and the mutation of spike protein(S) gene. We downloaded complete genome sequences and S gene sequences of coronaviruses from GenBank database. The phylogenetic tree based on complete genome sequences of coronaviruses was built by MEGA X, multiple sequence alignment of S gene is analyzed in DNAMAN 9.0. The analysis results indicate that it is impossible for SARS-CoV-2 to originate from six known human coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 is more likely to originate from bats than from pangolins. The mutation rate of S gene is closely related to the epidemic time and infections of the SARS-CoV-2. In the future, there may be a new virus which transmit from animal to human like SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2, and the epidemic trend will depend on pathogenicity and variability.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 刺突蛋白基因 系统进化 突变 

分 类 号：R373[医药卫生—病原生物学]