四川省主要粮食作物中镰刀菌毒素污染规律分析  

Contamination Pattern of Fusarium Toxins in Cereals in Sichuan Province

作　　者：陈新元 董飞[2] 仲伶俐[3] 武德亮 王淑芳[2] 徐剑宏[2] 马桂珍 史建荣 CHEN Xinyuan;DONG Fei;ZHONG Linli;WU Deliang;WANG Shufang;XU Jianhong;MA Guizhen;SHI Jianrong(College of Marine Life and Fisheries,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation(Nanjing),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base,Ministry of Science and Technology/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety,Nanjing 210014,China;Analysis and Testing Center,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(南京)/农业农村部农产品质量安全控制技术与标准重点实验室/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室/江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心,南京210014 [3]四川省农业科学院分析测试中心,成都610066

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2021年第2期141-148,172,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(19)3107,CX(19)3004);国家自然科学基金项目(31772118,31701748)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解四川粮食作物中镰刀菌毒素污染情况以及种植制度对该地区粮食作物中镰刀菌毒素污染影响。【方法】以四川省玉米、小麦和水稻等粮食作物为研究对象,研究四川省主要粮食作物中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)、3-乙酰基脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(3-acetyldeoxynivalenol,3ADON)、15-乙酰基脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(15-acetyldeoxynivalenol,15ADON)、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(nivalenol,NIV)和镰刀菌烯醇(fusarenone X,4ANIV)等5种单端孢霉烯族化合物为主的镰刀菌毒素污染情况,以及玉米-小麦套作、水稻-小麦轮作及水稻-再生稻等种植制度对粮食作物中镰刀菌毒素污染影响。【结果】(1)取样地区主要粮食作物中的镰刀菌毒素污染种类以NIV为主,NIV含量显著高于3ADON、15ADON及4ANIV(P<0.05),但与DON没有显著差异(P>0.05);(2)小麦样品中单端孢霉烯族化合物(DON+3ADON+15ADON+NIV+4ANIV,trichothecenes)含量显著高于水稻和玉米样品(P<0.05);(3)绵阳、德阳和资阳小麦中tirchothecenes含量不仅显著高于当地玉米及水稻样品(P<0.05),而且显著高于其他主产区的小麦、玉米及水稻样品(P<0.05);(4)种植制度对2019年粮食作物中镰刀菌毒素污染水平影响显著,水稻-小麦轮作方式下的小麦样品中trichothecenes含量显著高于玉米-小麦套作方式下小麦样品(P<0.05),水稻-再生稻种植方式会显著增加再生稻中trichothecenes含量(P<0.05)。【结论】四川省小麦、玉米和水稻主要毒素污染种类为NIV毒素;通过适当调整取样地区主要粮食作物的种植制度,如减少水稻-小麦轮作或再生稻种植面积,将有助于四川省主要粮食作物中镰刀菌毒素的污染控制。【Objective】To study the Fusarium toxin pollution in Sichuan food crops and the influence of planting system on Fusarium toxin pollution in this area.【Method】Fusarium toxins(Trichothecenes),including deoxynivalenol(DON),3-acetyldeoxynivalenol(3-ADON),15-acetyldeoxynivalenol(15 ADON),nivalenol(NIV)and fusarenone X(4 ANIV)were detected in maize,wheat,and rice in Sichuan province.Effect of cropping systems,such as corn-wheat,rice-wheat,and rice-ratooning rice,on the incidence of Fusarium toxins were evaluated in this study.【Result】The major trichothences in cereals in Sichuan province was NIV.The concentration of NIV was significantly higher than 3 ADON,15 ADON,and4 ANIV(P<0.05),while there was no statistically significant difference between NIV and DON(P>0.05).Besides,the concentration of trichothecenes(DON+3 ADON+15 ADON+NIV+4 ANIV)in wheat was significantly higher than that in maize and rice.The concentrations of trichothecenes in wheat from Mianyang,Deyang,and Ziyang cities were significantly higher than that in corn and rice in the same cities,which were also significantly higher than that in cereals in the other cities.Moreover,the concentration of trichothecenes in wheat from rice-wheat rotation was significantly higher than that from maize-wheat rotation,and rice-ratooning rice rotation increased significantly the concentration of trichothecenes in ratooning rice samples.【Conclusion】NIV was the main toxin in wheat,corn and rice in Sichuan province.It would be helpful to control Fusarium toxins in cereals in Sichuan province by adjusting the cropping systems,such as reducing the area of rice-wheat and rice-ratooning rice rotations.

关 键 词：四川省 粮食 镰刀菌毒素 单端孢霉烯族化合物 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]