2020年国际物理奥林匹克竞赛实验试题介绍及解答  

Problems and solutions of the 2020 International Physics Olympiad experimental exam

作　　者：荀坤[1] 李智[1] 穆良柱[1] 陈志坚[1] 陈晓林[1] XUN Kun;LI Zhi;MU Liang-zhu;CHEN Zhi-jian;CHEN Xiao-lin(School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院,北京100871

出　　处：《物理实验》2021年第4期22-31,共10页Physics Experimentation

摘　　要：2020年国际物理奥林匹克竞赛实验试题为“晶体学”.试题从一维光栅出发,引导选手寻找衍射花样和晶体结构间的对应关系,最后测定出未知晶体的结构.本文介绍了试题内容和组委会提供的标准答案,并且在个别处提供了其他解法.The 2020 International Physics Olympiad experimental exam was“crystallography”.Starting from one-dimensional grating,the contestants were guided to find the relationship between diffraction pattern and crystal structure,and were asked finally to determine the structures of unknown crystals in the exam.This paper introduced the content of the exam and the standard solutions provided by the organizing committee in detail.The solutions different from standard ones were also provided in some cases.

关 键 词：国际物理奥林匹克竞赛 晶体学 晶胞 结构因子 对称性 衍射 

分 类 号：O7[理学—晶体学]