几种添加剂对矮象草青贮品质的影响  

Different Treatment Modalities and Their Effects on the Quality of Pennisetum Purpereum Silage

作　　者：何晓涛 陈杰茹 王坚[1] 王学梅[1] 韩蒙蒙 朱昊 陈韬羽 杨雨辉[1] HE Xiaotao;CHEN Jieru;WANG Jian;WANG Xuemei;HAN Mengmeng;ZHU Hao;CHEN Taoyu;YANG Yuhui(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hainan University,Hainan Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学动物科技学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《饲料工业》2021年第8期10-16,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：白蚁源高产纤维素酶菌株在青贮饲料上的应用研究[ZDYF2019098]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究添加贝莱斯芽孢杆菌、植物乳杆菌和纤维素酶对矮象草青贮效果的影响。以生长10周的矮象草为原料,设置6个不同的处理组:对照(CK)组,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(VEL)组,植物乳杆菌(LAB)组,贝莱斯芽孢杆菌+植物乳杆菌(VEL+LAB)组,纤维素酶(CE)组和纤维素酶+植物乳杆菌(CE+LAB)组。分别在青贮4、8、12、20、28 d后开启封装袋取样,对贝莱斯芽孢杆菌和植物乳杆菌浓度、pH值、可溶性碳水化合物、氨态氮、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维等指标进行分析。结果表明,自然青贮的CK组发酵质量较差,试验组青贮品质维持的时间有所延长,其中LAB、VEL组和VEL+LAB组的发酵质量提升较大;从质量评定指标上分析,VEL+LAB组使青贮饲料的植物乳杆菌浓度提升更快,同时增加了青贮前期乳酸和乙酸的浓度,使pH值显著降低,且降低了氨态氮和丁酸的浓度;从营养成分指标分析,所有试验组的WSC浓度都随着青贮时间的增加而减少,青贮20 d内粗蛋白质含量呈缓慢减少的趋势,但各组无显著性差异,其中VEL+LAB组降解最少;CK组的ADF降解不显著,试验组的ADF降解均呈显著性差异;LAB组和CE+LAB组对NDF降解较多,呈显著性差异。想要进一步提升青贮品质,需要降低含水量、提高可溶性碳水化合物含量保证足够的发酵底物,且需要在密封时排出更多空气。A pilot study to examine the effects of Bacillus velezensis,Lactobacillus plantarum and cellulase silage additives and varieties on Pennisetum Purpereum silage.There were 6 treatment groups with 10-week-old Pennisetum Purpereum as a source of silage:control group(CK),Bacillus velezensis group(VEL),Lactobacillus plantarum group(LAB),Bacillus velezensis+Lactobacillus plantarum group(VEL+LAB),cellulase group(CE)and cellulase+Lactobacillus plantarum group(CE+LAB).The sealing bags were opened for sample analysis after every treatment group being silaged for 4,8,12,20 d and 28 d,respectively.The Bacillus velezensis and Lactobacillus plantarum concentration,pH value,water soluable carbohydrate concentration,ammonia-N concentration,crude protein concentration,neutral detergent fiber concentration and acid detergent fiber concentration were analyzed.The results indicated that the silage quality of CK was poorer than the experimental groups,and the duration of silage quality maintenance in the experimental groups were prolonged,among which the silage quality of groups LAB,VEL and VEL+LAB were enhanced greatly.Based on the analysis of quality evaluation indexes,VEL+LAB increased the concentration of Lab in silage more quickly,at the same time increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in early silage,significantly(P<0.05),reduced the pH value,and reduced the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and butyric acid.Based on the analysis of nutrient composition indexes,the WSC concentration of all the experimental groups decreased with the increase of silage time,and the crude protein showed a slow decrease trend within 20 days of silage,but there was no significant difference among all groups,and the degradation of VEL+LAB was the least.The degradation of ADF in CK was not significant,but the degradation of ADF in the experimental groups was significantly different(P<0.05).LAB and CE+LAB degraded more NDF,which showed a significant difference(P<0.05).In order to further improve the silage quality,it is necessary

关 键 词：矮象草 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 植物乳杆菌 纤维素酶 青贮 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]