对马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想误解的几点澄清  

Clarifications on Misunderstanding of Marx and Engels’ Environmental Ethics

作　　者：杨志华 张翰玉 Yang Zhihua;Zhang Hanyu(School of Marxism,Beijing Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第2期30-38,共9页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“生态文明哲学”(RW2015-22);北京市社会科学基金项目“十八大以来中国特色社会主义生态文明建设创新成果及意义研究”(17KDB008)。

摘　　要：马克思恩格斯有丰富的探讨人与自然环境之间伦理关系的环境伦理思想,然而,有人误解其环境伦理思想为人类中心主义,理由是他们不重视自然,甚至主张征服自然。这种“人类中心主义”误解没有深刻理解马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想基本特点,即马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想基于科学自然观的事实基础,基于唯物史观的研究视域,基于人道主义与自然主义相统一的价值取向;因此,也没能准确理解马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想的精髓和宗旨,即同时实现人与人的和解及人与自然的和解,最终使人类获得真正的自由。在生态文明建设的时代背景下,准确把握马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想基本特点及宗旨,不仅有利于准确理解评价马克思恩格斯环境伦理思想,澄清误解和克服思想混乱,也有利于指导我国当下的生态文明建设实践。Marx and Engels have expounded their thoughts of environmental ethics about the ethical relationship between human and nature. However,some people misunderstand their thoughts of environmental ethics as anthropocentrism on the ground that they neglected nature and even advocated conquering nature. The author holds that those who have the misunderstanding fail to understand the basic characteristics of Marx and Engels’thoughts of environmental ethics,i.e.,their thoughts of environmental ethics are based on their scientific view of nature,historical materialism and the unity of humanitarianism and naturalism. Therefore,they are unable to understand the essence and purpose of Marx and Engels’ thoughts of environmental ethics,i.e.,the harmonious coexistence of man and nature so that mankind gets the ultimate freedom. On the 200 th anniversary of Engels’birth and under the background of ecological civilization construction,accurate understanding of the basic characteristics and purpose of Marx and Engels’ thoughts of environmental ethics will be helpful to understand and evaluate their thoughts so as to overcome confusion,providing references for the current practice of ecological civilization construction.

关 键 词：马克思恩格斯环境伦理 科学自然观 唯物史观 人道主义 自然主义 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学]