重塑问题空间:人类学本体论转向与民族志在场  

Reshaping the Space of Problems:the Ontological Turn of Anthro⁃pology and Ethnographic Present

作　　者：刘珩[1] LIU Heng

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学外国语学院,北京100048

出　　处：《思想战线》2021年第3期19-34,共16页Thinking

摘　　要：目前人类学界本体论与文化论观点冲突不断,以概念的阐释来表征和通约文化差异的知识论已经遭遇多重危机,人类学的本体论转向势所难免。在这样一个可以称作“当下”的时刻,民族志研究应该进一步生成新的问题空间,借助本体论的视角,进一步拓展其在课题设计、跨领域合作、概念组合等层面的多种可能性,以便在将来仍然保持其应有的作用和地位。“民族志在场”这一概念,将更多的问题意识在一个组合中予以呈现,将当下有关人的种种主题作为民族志探索的起点,并赋予各种新兴的思考和行动方式的集合以本体论的意义。如何在新的问题化空间内,组合概念化工具,拓展本体论的视角,进而重新刻画人的实践状态,将是当下和未来一段时期民族志研究的重要维度。In the domain of anthropology today,there are frequent clashes between the ontological approach and the culturalist approach.The episteme based on the commensurability of cul⁃tural differences by way of conceptual interpretation has undergone many crises,hence the inevitability of the ontological turn of anthropology.At a time that we can call“ethnographic present”,ethnogra⁃phic studies should create a new space of problems by borrowing the ontological perspective to explore new possibilities in project design,cross-disciplinary collaboration,and assemblage of concepts,so that it can keep its role and status in the years to come.The concept of“ethnographic present”puts in a nutshell all the discussions of human problems and makes them a point of departure for ethnogra⁃phic studies,and imparts on any new thoughts and modes of research an ontological significance.A very important dimension for ethnographic studies now and in the future is to represent the problems of men in the space of problems by assembling the tools of conceptualization and expanding the ontological vision.

关 键 词：本体论转向 民族志在场 问题空间 概念化 

分 类 号：C95-0[社会学—民族学]