英语词汇中与法语同形异义的同源词探析  

Analysis on French cognate homographs in English vocabulary

作　　者：何小聪[1] HE Xiaocong(School of Foreign Languages,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院外国语学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《浙江科技学院学报》2021年第2期131-136,155,共7页Journal of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology

摘　　要：人们在比较英语和法语时会发现英语里存在着许多与当代法语拼写相同的词汇,这些词是从法语借入,还是所谓"假朋友"(faux amis),对此,笔者借助计算机筛选出英语词汇中源自法语且与之同形异义的核心词,从词汇学的角度对其词源、语义变化及形成理据进行分析探讨,发现这些法语借词进入英语后在语义上呈现出更加独立和丰富的特点。因此,许多英语和法语词汇虽然同源且"同形",然其含义却可能不尽相同,切不可望文生义。这对进一步厘清英语与法语中许多词汇的"貌似"现象,对英语词汇教学或具有一定的参考意义。When people compare English with French,they often find many words in English carry exactly the same modern French spelling.Are these English words really loanwords from French,or are they merely faux amis?In this regard,with the aid of the computer,the paper screened out the core homographs in respect of English vocabulary,analyzed their etymology,semantic changes and linguistic motivations from lexicological perspective.It is found that those French loanwords(homographs)show considerable semantic independence and differentiation after their entry into English.Therefore,although many English and French words are cognate and similar in“appearance”,they cannot be expected to bear the same literal meaning.This will help to further clarify the homographic phenomenon existing in English and French,and offer some reference to the teaching of English vocabulary.

关 键 词：同源词 同形异义词 英语 法语 

分 类 号：H039[语言文字—语言学]