安徽省中小学生饮食相关知识行为分析  

Diet-related knowledge and behavior among students in Anhui Province

作　　者：陈志飞[1] 孟灿[1] 管恒燕[2] 彭爱玲 鲁芬[4] 林超[5] 王小虎[6] 吴静 李卫东[1] CHEN Zhifei;MENG Can;GUAN Hengyan;PENG Ailing;LU Fen;LIN Chao;WANG Xiaohu;WU Jing;LI Weidong(Department for Food Nutrition and School Hygiene,Anhui Center of Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei(230601),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心食品营养与学校卫生科,合肥230601 [2]合肥市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科 [3]淮北市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科 [4]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科 [5]芜湖市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科 [6]蚌埠市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第4期519-523,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省2018年中小学生营养知识、食物喜好、饮食行为和食育体验活动现状,为相关部门制定学生营养改善措施提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,从安徽省淮北、蚌埠、马鞍山、合肥、芜湖5个地区随机抽取三年级及以上学生2045名作为调查对象,采用自填式问卷收集营养知识、食物喜好、饮食行为和食育体验活动相关信息。结果中小学生营养知识总知晓率为38.3%,最好的饮料是白开水的知晓率最高(91.6%)。健康食物喜好总报告率为51.5%,奶及奶制品的喜好率最高(66.4%)。良好饮食行为总报告率为85.8%,大部分时候三餐按时按量的报告率最高(87.7%)。食育体验活动总报告率为25.0%,会收拾餐桌的报告率最高(73.0%)。>12岁学生更多地掌握营养知识(χ^(2)=28.8),≤12岁学生较好地具有健康食物喜好和良好饮食行为(χ^(2)值分别为31.3,77.6),女生更经常地参与摆放餐具和收拾餐桌(χ^(2)=12.2)(P值均<0.05)。结论中小学生营养知识掌握情况差,虽有明确的食物喜好,但存在不良饮食行为。应有针对性开展校园营养健康教育,加强家庭和学校合作,增加学生的食育体验活动机会,帮助中小学生形成健康的生活方式。Objective To assess diet-related knowledge and behavior among primary and middle-school students in five cities of Anhui,and to provide evidence for nutrition education and intervention strategies.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2045 students in five cities(Huaibei,Bengbu,Ma’anshan,Hefei and Wuhu)of Anhui for a questionnaire survey on nutrition knowledge,diet behavior,food preferences,and diet education.Results The overall rate of good nutritional awareness was 38.3%;students had the highest rate of awareness on plain water being the healthiest drink(91.6%).The overall rate of healthy food preferences was 51.5%,with milk and dairy products being the highest rated(66.4%).The overall rate of good diet behavior was 85.8%,with eating most meals on time and in appropriate quantities being the highest rated(87.7%).The overall rate of students with good diet education was 25.0%,while the rate of table cleaning was 73.0%.Middle-school students had more knowledge of nutrition(χ^(2)=28.8),while primary school students had better healthy food preferences and diet behaviors(χ^(2)=31.3,77.6),and girls were more frequently involved in setting and clearing the table(χ^(2)=12.2)(P<0.05).Conclusion Insufficient nutrition knowledge,clear food preferences,unhealthy dietary behaviors,and a lack of diet education were observed in primary and middle-school students in Anhui.Specific nutritional education in school settings should be developed,home-school cooperation should be strengthened,and diet education activities should be increased to help primary and middle-school students form a healthy lifestyle.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 知识 行为 学生 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学] R153.2[文化科学—教育技术学]