施硒对镉污染稻米中镉、硒含量的影响及其膳食风险评估  

Foliar Selenium Application on the Concentrations of Selenium and Cadmium in Rice Grain and Health Risk Assessment

作　　者：梁欢婷 何冰[1] 顾明华[1] 王学礼[1] 吕梦婷 韦燕燕[1] LIANG Huanting;HE Bing;GU Minghua;WANG Xueli;Lü Mengting;WEI Yanyan(Colleges of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment and Agricultural Products Quality and Safety,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西农业环境与农产品质量安全重点实验室,南宁530004

出　　处：《食品工业》2021年第3期331-335,共5页The Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41967048);广西自然科学基金(2016GXNSFAA380308);广西创新驱动项目(AA17202038)。

摘　　要：研究叶面施用亚硒酸钠和纳米硒对不同镉污染土壤上稻米中镉、硒含量的影响,探讨通过叶面施硒降低镉污染区居民稻米镉膳食风险,提高稻米硒摄入量的可行性。结果表明,分别在高镉污染(1.62 mg/kg)、低镉污染(0.50 mg/kg)土壤上叶面施用亚硒酸钠和纳米硒均增加水稻产量,在未施硒时,高镉和低镉污染土壤上稻米镉含量分别为0.227 mg/kg和0.116 mg/kg,施用亚硒酸钠和纳米硒后,稻米镉含量分别下降34.80%~45.81%和59.62%~64.43%,硒含量分别增加2.7~3.6倍和3.0~4.0倍。通过膳食健康风险评估发现,镉污染稻米施用亚硒酸钠和纳米硒均可以降低居民稻米镉摄入风险,且提高居民硒摄入量,以纳米硒1 mg/kg效果最佳,因此,推荐镉污染区通过叶面施用纳米硒1 mg/kg,实现稻米安全生产,保障居民稻米食用安全。The effects of foliar selenium(sodium selenite and nano-selenium) application on cadmium(Cd) and selenium(Se) concentrations in rice grain and their health risk assessment were studied. The results showed that both of foliar applications of sodium selenite and nano-selenium could increase grain yield of rice grown in high cadmium-contaminated(1.62 mg/kg) and low cadmium-contaminated(0.50 mg/kg) soils. Under non-Se treatment, the concentrations of Cd in grain of rice grown in high and low cadmium contaminated soils were 0.227 mg/kg and 0.116 mg/kg, respectively. After foliar applications of sodium selenite and nano-selenium, the Cd concentrations of rice decreased by 34.80%-45.81% and 59.62%-64.43% respectively, and the Se concentrations increased by 2.7-3.6 times and 3.0-4.0 times, respectively. It was found through dietary health risk assessment that the applications of sodium selenite and nano-selenium on rice could reduce the human health risk of Cd exposure via consumption of rice grain grown in Cd contaminated region, simultaneously increasing the Se intake to alleviate human Se deficiency. Therefore, application of nano-selenium at 1 mg/kg on rice grown in Cd contaminated region was recommended to ensure the safety of rice production and human health.

关 键 词：稻米 镉 硒 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：TS213.3[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]