习用语“不就得了”的功能、演化与动因  

On the Function,Evolution and Motivation of the Idiomatic Phrase“bujiudele”(不就得了)

作　　者：魏雪 WEI Xue(International College of Chinese Studies,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234 China;Chinese Language and Literature,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002 China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,中国上海200234 [2]西华师范大学文学院,中国南充637002

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2020年第5期106-115,共10页Overseas Chinese Education

基　　金：上海师范大学博士研究生拔尖人才培育项目(209-AC9103-20-368005002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：习用语“不就得了”源于否定反问结构“不就X”,其实质是对句子命题的强调提醒,在不同语境中有不同的语法表现与功能特点:反驳功能、认同功能、建议功能、安慰功能。从反问到建议的演化是语言发展的一般规律,“不就得了”从反问到建议主要表现在从基本话语到元话语,“不满”语气从有到无,还发展出了一些新的功能与特点:委婉表达和理想选择。其动因主要有反问语境触发、心理联想与类推、主观性与交互主观性;其机制主要有语用推理与回溯推理、功能磨损与语义和谐。There are four grammatical expressions and functional features of the idiom“bujiudele”(不就得了),which are emphasis function,identification function,suggestion function,and comfort function.The evolution from rhetorical question to suggestion is a general rule of language development.“Bujiude⁃le”(不就得了)from rhetorical questions to suggestions are mainly manifested that from basic discourse to meta-discourse,the dissatisfied mood is ranging from yes to no,and some new functions and features have also been developed,such as euphemism and best advice.The motivation mainly includes the prag⁃matic value of rhetorical questions,psychological association and analogy,subjectivity and interactive subjectivity.The main mechanisms are pragmatic inference and retrospective inference,functional attrition and semantic harmony.

关 键 词：“不就得了” 建议 反问 习用语 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]