桑科植物叶绿体基因组研究进展  

Reseach Progress on Chloroplast Genome of Moraceae Plant

作　　者：王继玥 白禹 石登红 刘燕 WANG Jiyue;BAI Yu;SHI Denghong;LIU Yan(Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region,Guiyang,Guizhou 550005;School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Guiyang University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550005;School of Mathematics and Information Engineering,Guiyang University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550005)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地珍稀动物与经济昆虫重点实验室,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵阳学院生物与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550005 [3]贵阳学院数学与信息工程学院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第8期124-130,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练资助项目(2018109760007,2018109760008);贵州省区域内一流培育建设学科生态学资助项目(黔教科研发[2017]85号);贵州省科技计划资助项目(黔科合基础[2017]1004);生态学省级重点学科资助项目(黔学位合字ZDXK[2013]08);贵州省大学生创新训练资助项目(2018520777,2018520778,2018520831,2018520861);贵阳市财政支持贵阳学院学科建设与研究生教育资助项目(SH-2020)。

摘　　要：叶绿体基因组具有半自主性和母性遗传特征,揭示其功能对于研究植物起源、系统进化及物种鉴定、分类具有十分重要的作用。桑科植物具有食用、药用、生态修复及作为工业原料等多种用途。其叶绿体基因组为双链环状结构,由4个部分组成,即1个大的单拷贝区域(large single-copy,LSC)、1个小的单拷贝区域(small single-copy,SSC)、2个反向重复区域(inverted repeat,IRs)。基因组大小约160kb,编码110~130个基因,包括蛋白质编码基因、tRNA\rRNA\ncRNA等。桑科植物叶绿体基因组上存在SSR和SNP位点,同时还发现有密码子使用偏好性。该研究对近年来桑科植物叶绿体基因组的研究现状、应用以及发展趋势进行了综述,为进一步理解桑科植物叶绿体的功能机制提供参考依据。Chloroplast genomes are characterized by semi-autonomy and maternal heredity.Revealing plant chloroplast genome played an important role in the study of origin,phylogeny,identification and classification of species in plant.The chloroplast genome of Moraceae plants had a double chain structure,composed of four parts,incluing a large single-copy(LSC),a small single-copy(SSC),and twoinverted repeat(IRs).SSRs and SNPs,and codon useD preferenceare found in chloroplast genome.The present status,applications,and developing trends of chloroplast genome reasrch of Moraceae plants were briefly summarized in this review.It provided a reference for further understanding the functional mechanism of chloroplast in Moraceae plants.

关 键 词：桑科植物 叶绿体基因组 系统进化 

分 类 号：S389[农业科学—农艺学]