‘赤霞珠’葡萄霜霉病菌卵孢子形成和生活力的研究  

Studies on oospore formation and viability of'Cabernet Sauvignon'grape downy mildew

作　　者：张涛[1] 顾沛雯[1] 杜娟 陈思杰 李金 贾宝森 ZHANG Tao;GU Peiwen;DU Juan;CHEN Sijie;LI Jin;JIA Baosen(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2021年第3期1-7,共7页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2019BBF02013)。

摘　　要：在人工模拟条件下对‘赤霞珠’葡萄霜霉菌卵孢子形成和生活力的影响因素进行了探究。结果显示:温度、湿度、接触物、叶片成熟度是‘赤霞珠’葡萄霜霉病菌卵孢子形成的主要影响因素,其中以温度为10℃、饱和湿度(100%)和与土壤接触的中部叶片产生量最多,为7个/cm^(2)。利用噻唑兰染色法对酿酒葡萄霜霉病菌卵孢子生活力(萌动率、休眠率和死亡率)进行测定。结果显示,温度、湿度、pH、过氧化物及土壤浸渍液对卵孢子的萌动有显著影响,其中以36℃高温、饱和湿度(100%)、0.9%H_(2)O_(2)和土壤浸渍液(体积比1∶4)处理9 d的卵孢子萌动率最高,﹣20℃的低温和60%以下的低湿条件处理卵孢子萌动率最低。试验对葡萄霜霉病菌卵孢子生理生化特性有了初步了解,为后续开展卵孢子萌发试验及葡萄霜霉病初侵染研究奠定基础。Influencing factors of oospore formation and viability of'Cabernet Sauvignon'grape downy mildew were investigated under artificial simulation conditions.The results showed that temperature,humidity,contact,and leaf maturity were the main factors affecting the oospore formation of'Cabernet Sauvignon'grape downy mildew.The number of oospores formation was the largest in the condition of 10℃,100%relative humidity,and rhizosphere leaf contact with soil.MTT staining was used to measure the viability(germination rate,dormancy rate,and mortality)of oospores of wine grape downy mildew.The results showed that temperature,humidity,pH,peroxide,and soil impregnation solution had significant effects on oospore germination.The oospore germination rate was the highest when treated with 36℃,saturated humidity,0.9%H_(2)O_(2),and soil maceration extract(1∶4 Vol)for nine days,and the lowest under the low temperature of﹣20℃and low humidity below 60%.This experiment had a preliminary understanding of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of oospores of grape downy mildew,which laid a foundation for the follow-up oospore germination experiment and the primary infection of grape downy mildew.

关 键 词：赤霞珠 霜霉病菌 卵孢子 影响因素 生活力 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S436.631[农业科学—园艺学]