锗单晶材料的发展现状  

Development Status of Germanium Single Crystal Materials

作　　者：董汝昆 吴绍华 王柯 尹国良 史娜娜 姚杨 郭晨宇 DONG Rukun;WU Shaohua;WANG Ke;YIN Guoliang;SHI Nana;YAO Yang;GUO Chenyu(Yunnan KIRO-CH Photonics Co.Ltd.,Kunming 650223,China)

机构地区：[1]云南北方驰宏光电有限公司,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《红外技术》2021年第5期510-515,共6页Infrared Technology

摘　　要：锗因其资源稀缺、优异的光学和物理性能,广泛应用于光纤系统、红外光学系统、电子和太阳能应用、探测器等高科技领域,是战略性产业所需的重要功能材料和结构材料。简单介绍了目前国内锗单晶生长的两种主要方法:直拉法(Czochralski,CZ)和垂直梯度凝固法(vertical gradient freeze,VGF)。对国内和国外知名锗材料生产企业的锗单晶生长方法、直径、电阻率等相关技术参数,进行了统计和比较。针对不同的单晶材料性能,分析了红外光学用锗单晶、太阳能电池用锗单晶和高纯锗单晶的应用领域和发展现状。Owing to its scarce resources and excellent optical and physical properties,germanium is widely used in fiber-optic systems,infrared optical systems,electronic and solar energy applications,detectors,and other high-technology fields.It is an important functional and structural material which is needed in strategic industries.Two main methods of single crystal growth in germanium,Czochralski method(CZ)and vertical gradient freeze method(VGF),were briefly introduced.Technical parameters such as the method of germanium crystal growth,diameter and resistivity of germanium in popular germanium material-producing enterprises at home and abroad were analyzed and compared.Based on the properties of different single-crystal materials,the application fields and development status of germanium single crystals for infrared optics,germanium single crystal for solar cells,and high-purity germanium single crystal were analyzed.

关 键 词：锗 锗单晶 直拉法 垂直梯度凝固法 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]