野生祁白术精油化学成分及对自由基的清除作用  

Chemical Constituents and Scavenging Capacity Against Free Radical of the Essential Oil from Wild Atractylodes macrocephala Grown in Qimen

作　　者：陈向阳[1] 汪润舒 康清俊 李成威 毕淑峰[1] CHEN Xiangyang;WANG Runshu;KANG Qingjun;LI Chengwei;BI Shufeng(College of Life and Environment Science,Huangshan University,Huangshan 245041,China;Integrated College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Hefei 230031,China;Huangshan Hexiu Biological Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Huangshan 245000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄山学院生命与环境科学学院,安徽黄山245021 [2]安徽中医药大学中西医结合学院,合肥230031 [3]黄山荷琇生物科技有限公司,安徽黄山245000

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期228-234,共7页Journal of Ludong University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31671026);黄山曼迪新药业有限公司合作项目(hxkt20190001);黄山荷琇生物技术有限公司合作项目(hxkt20190039);国家级大学生创新创业计划项目(2020103750100、201810375006)。

摘　　要：首次对野生祁白术地下茎精油的化学成分及其含量进行分析,并测定精油对自由基的清除能力。采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取野生祁白术精油,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析和鉴定野生祁白术精油的化学成分。以DPPH、ABTS自由基法评价精油对自由基的清除能力。结果显示:从精油中共鉴定出60种化学成分,占精油总量的81.16%,其中含量较高的成分有苍术酮、β-人参烯、γ-榄香烯、β-桉叶烯、(-)-β-杜松烯、1-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-2-亚甲基环戊基)苯、1-石竹烯、9,10-脱氢-异长叶烯;萜类及其含氧衍生物是精油的主要成分,占精油总量的75.80%;高含量的β-人参烯是野生祁白术精油化学成分的显著特征。精油对DPPH、ABTS自由基有明显的清除作用,ED_(50)分别为13.28、10.82μL,样品量与清除率间呈量效关系。本研究表明,野生祁白术精油含有多种生物活性成分,对自由基有明显的清除作用,在医药、食品、香料等行业有良好的应用前景。The chemical constituents and their contents of the essential oil from the subterraneous stem of wild Atractylodes macrocephala grown in Qimen were analyzed and the scavenging capacity against DPPH and ABTS free radical of the oil were determined for the first time.With the subterraneous stem of wild A.macrocephala grown in Qimen as raw material,the essential oil was extracted by water-steam distillation and its chemical constituents were identified by GC-MS.The scavenging capacity against free radical was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS free radical methods.The results showed that:sixty compounds,which occupied 81.16%of total constituents,were identified from the oil.The major compounds in the oil were atractylone,β-panasinsene,γ-elemene,β-eudesmene,(-)-β-cadinene,1-methoxy-2-(1-methyl-2-methylenecyclopentyl)benzene,l-caryophyllene,and 9,10-dehydro isolongifolene.The terpenoids and their oxygenated derivatives were dominant components in the oil,which occupied 75.80%of total constituents.The high content ofβ-panasinsene was to be a remarkable feature of chemical constituents in the oil.The oil exhibited significant scavenging capacity against DPPH and ABTS free radical with the ED_(50) of 13.28,10.82μL in a concentration-dependent fashion.In conclusion,the essential oil containing many bioactive constituents and exhibiting significant scavenging capacity against free radical showed a promising application prospect in the medicine,food,spices and other industries.

关 键 词：祁白术 精油 化学成分 气相色谱-质谱联用 自由基 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]