高温大曲曲房空气中可培养细菌的分离鉴定及产酶特性  

Isolation,identification and enzyme production characteristics of culturable bacteria in the air of high-temperature Daqu fermentation room

作　　者：黄治国 刘娜 卫春会 邓杰 钟姝霞 陈波 任志强 HUANG Zhi-guo;LIU Na;WEI Chun-hui;DENG Jie;ZHONG Shu-xia;CHEN Bo;REN Zhi-qiang(Liquor Making Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China;Sichuan Jewelland Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Zigong,Sichuan 643000,China;Sichuan Langjiu Co.,Ltd.,Gulin,Sichuan 646523,China)

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学酿酒生物技术及应用四川省重点实验室,四川宜宾644000 [2]四川健能制药有限公司,四川自贡643000 [3]四川郎酒股份有限公司,四川古蔺646523

出　　处：《食品与机械》2021年第5期15-21,共7页Food and Machinery

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(编号:2018JY0509);四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目(编号:2019YJ0462);中国轻工业浓香型白酒固态发酵重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:2018JJ008,2018JJ011);酿酒生物技术及应用四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:NJ2018-04)。

摘　　要：以高温大曲曲房空气中可培养细菌为研究对象,对其进行分离鉴定及产酶特性研究;将得到的优势功能细菌进行高粱汁液态发酵,利用气相色谱—质谱联用法分析其代谢产物。结果表明:从高温大曲曲房空气中共分离出8种菌株,分别为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)、Pedobacter suwonensis、血红鞘氨醇单孢菌(Sphingomonas sanguinis)、Massilia sp.、Delftia sp.和Sphingobacterium sp.;经产酶试验筛选得到3株优势功能菌:枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)和蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus),均具有纤维素分解能力、淀粉和蛋白水解能力;3株菌的生长曲线表明液体培养4 h达到对数生长期,在高粱汁液态发酵48 h后,优势代谢产物为3-羟基-2-丁酮,且四甲基吡嗪含量也较高,并代谢产生少量高级醇、酚类、酯类等芳香物质。Taking the cultivable bacteria in the air of high-temperature Daqu fermentation room as the research objects to study the characteristics of separation,identification and enzyme production.The cultivable bacteria were used to take liquid state fermentation in sorghum mash,and the metabolites were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results:8 strains were isolated from the air in the high-temperature Daqu fermentation room,and they were:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus cereus,Pedobacter suwonensis,Sphingomonas sanguinis,Massilia sp.,Delftia sp.and Sphingobacterium sp..After the enzyme production tests,three dominant functional bacteria,Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,and Bacillus cereus,which all had the capacity of decomposition for cellulose,starch and proteins.The growth curve of 3 strains showed that liquid culture reached logarithmic growth phase for 4 h.After 48 hours of fermentation in the sorghum mash medium,the dominant metabolite was mainly 3-hydroxy-2-butanone,and the content of tetramethylpyrazine was also high,and it metabolizes to produce a small amount of higher alcohols,phenols,esters and other aromatic substances.It hopes to provide a theoretical basis for studying the correlation between Daqu bacteria and air bacteria.

关 键 词：高温大曲 曲房空气 分离鉴定 产酶特性 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]