基于模型预测控制的电动汽车起步工况仿真与性能评价  

Simulation and Performance Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Starting Condition Based on Model Predictive Control

作　　者：李文礼[1] 陆宇 汪杨凡 郑维东 严海燕 徐瑞 LI Wenli;LU Yu;WANG Yangfan;ZHENG Weidong;YAN Haiyan;XU Rui(Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Test Technology for Automobile Parts,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Continental automotive R&D(Chongqing)Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 404100,China;Dongfeng Motor Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学汽车零部件先进制造技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400054 [2]大陆汽车研发(重庆)有限公司,重庆404100 [3]东风汽车股份有限公司东风商品研发院,武汉430056

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2021年第5期18-25,共8页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51805061);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0105402)。

摘　　要：为提高电动汽车起步工况时的性能,设计了基于模型预测控制的驾驶员模型,建立了纯电动汽车整车模型和驾驶员模型。将驾驶员意图转化为加速踏板和制动踏板的开度变化,利用基于模型预测控制方法的上层控制器得到期望加速度,下层控制器根据期望加速度得到加速指令和减速指令,从而对车辆进行起步工况的加、减速控制。利用起步时间、驱动电机电压电流和冲击度3个评价指标对提出的模型预测控制方法和常规PID控制方法进行起步工况仿真的控制性能比较。分析了不同坡度(0%、10%和20%)和加速踏板开度下电驱动系统的性能。仿真结果验证了模型预测控制方法的有效性。In order to improve the performance for the starting condition of an electric vehicle,the driver model based on model predictive control was designed,and the complete pure electric vehicle model and driver model were established.The driver’s intention was converted into the accelerator pedal opening change and the brake pedal opening change;the upper controller based on model predictive control method was used to obtain the desired acceleration,and the lower controller obtained the acceleration command and the deceleration command according to the desired acceleration,so as to perform the acceleration and deceleration control for the starting condition.The control performance comparison of model predictive control method and PID control method was made by using three evaluation indexes of starting time,voltage and current of driving motor and impact degree.The performance of electric drive system at different slopes(0%,10%and 20%)and accelerator pedal opening were analyzed,and the simulation results verify the validity of model predictive control method.

关 键 词：电动汽车 电驱动系统 模型预测控制 仿真分析 性能评价 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]