认知转向视域下朱熹“理一分殊”说的隐喻结构  

The Study on the Metaphorical Structure of Zhu Xi’s “Li-yi-fen-shu” Theory in the Perspective of Cognitive Turn

作　　者：张寿 ZHANG Shou(College of Humanities and Social Sciences,Yanbian University,Yanji 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学人文社会科学学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2021年第3期5-15,共11页Qilu Journal

摘　　要：“理一分殊”说是贯通朱熹整个理学体系的关键点和核心内容。然而,这种“理一分殊”说却使得他的理学体系深深陷入悖论困境。当今随着认知科学的突飞猛进,哲学研究正要进入一个“认知转向”的新的历史时期。体验主义是一种以当今认知科学的经验性研究成果为基础,逐步形成发展的崭新的哲学理论。根据体验主义的基本观点,隐喻映射和建构化在本质上是局部性的,它的哲学意蕴在于“隐喻建构物”虽实在,但不具有客观性或确定性。从体验主义观点看,朱熹的“理一分殊”说是由“月亮”“窝窟(容器)”“杓碗(容器)”“木根”“绳索”“统体异用”“异体异用”等多重隐喻精致化的复合型隐喻,这表明,朱熹所谓“理一分殊”只是一个没有客观性、确定性的抽象观念而已。这进一步表明,宇宙间其实并不存在“理一分殊”的运作,通过“理一分殊”呈现出的理对宇宙现象界的参与和主宰作用亦是一种理论假象。“Li-yi-fen-shu”(理一分殊)theory is the key point and core content of Zhu Xi’s whole Neo-Confucianism system.However,it also caused his system was deeply trapped in a paradox.With the rapid development of cognitive science today,philosophical research has entered a new era of“Cognitive Turn”.Experientialism is a new philosophical perspective that develops gradually based on the experiential research results of cognitive science today.According to the fundamental viewpoint of experientialism,metaphorical mapping and structuring are essentially partial.Its philosophical connotation is that the“metaphoric construct”has no objectivity or certainty,although it exists.In the perspective of experientialism,Zhu Xi’s“Li-yi-fen-shu”theory is a complex metaphor finely constructed by multiple metaphors such as the moon,nest wat,bowl,kinone,rope,same body different function(“Tong-ti-yi-yong”统体异用),different body different function(“Yi-ti-yi-yong”异体异用),etc.It shows that Zhu Xi’s concept of“Li-yi-fen-shu”is an abstract concept that lacks objectivity and certainty.It further shows that there is no movement like“Li-yi-fen-shu”,the participation,and dominance of li in the universe of phenomena demonstrated by“Li-yi-fen-shu”is also a theoretical illusion.

关 键 词：朱熹 理一分殊 体验主义 隐喻分析 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]