新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间大学生膳食营养状况研究——以黑龙江大学为例  

Study on dietary nutrition of college students during the epidemic period of COVID-19:taking Heilongjiang university as an example

作　　者：苏阳 刘祺[1,2] 马微 王畅 王爽 程丽 SU Yang;LIU Qi;MA Wei;WANG Chang;WANG Shuang;CHENG Li(Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology,College of Heilongjiang Province,School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology,Ministry of Education,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150500,China;Technology Center,Dongning Customs District of the People’s Republic of China,Dongning 157299,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学生命科学学院黑龙江省普通高校分子生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江大学农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心,哈尔滨150500 [3]中华人民共和国东宁海关技术中心,东宁157299

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2021年第2期203-209,共7页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31101288)。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,为了能够有针对性地指导大学生合理膳食并对其进行有效的营养干预,采用自行设计的食物频率线上问卷,对黑龙江大学358名学生的一般人口学特征及疫情发生后2个月内的生活习惯、膳食摄入情况和食品卫生意识进行了调查、分析及评价。结果显示,问卷总量表的Cronbach’sα值为0.750,Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO)值为0.873,巴特利特球形检验χ^(2)为3004.946,df为703.000,p为0.000,问卷具有良好的信效度。疫情期间大学生存在睡眠质量下降、排便频次改变、运动量减少、饮食不规律等不良生活习惯。各类食物均存在摄入不足现象,其中蔬菜类、水果类、大豆及坚果类食品男性的膳食不足比例明显高于女性(p<0.050),食品安全意识有待提高。建议疫情期间正确引导大学生建立科学的膳食结构,形成健康的饮食行为及生活习惯,重视蔬菜、水果及奶制品的补充,同时加强普及膳食营养知识和食品安全知识,建立良好的膳食营养和食品安全观念。To guide college students’balanced diet and seek efficient nutritional interventions,the ecumenical demology character,living habits,dietary intake and food hygiene awareness of 358 students in Heilongjiang University were tracked and evaluated by a self-designed online food-frequency questionnaire within 2 months after outbreak of COVID-19.The test of Bartlett showed that the Cronbach’sαwas 0.750,KMO was 0.873 andχ^(2),df,p were 3004.946,703.000 and 0.000 respectively,which indicated this scale was reliable.College students had poor living habits such as poor sleep quality,irregular bowel movements,less exercise and eating irregularly during epidemic period of COVID-19.All kinds of food intakes of college students were insufficient or deficiency,among which vegetables,fruits,legumes and nuts had a significantly higher insufficient diet proportion for male than for female(p<0.050).And college students needed to improve food safety awareness.It is important to suggest students establishing scientific dietary structure,developing good eating habits and living habits and paying attention to supplements of fruit,vegetable and dairy product.Meanwhile,it is necessary to spread knowledge of nutrition and food safety and establish concept of nutritious diet and food safety.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 膳食营养调查 食物频率法 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]