贵州市售腐乳蜡样芽孢杆菌污染研究分析  

Investigation of contaminated Bacillus cereus in sufu sold in Guizhou

作　　者：杨久玲 张燚 黄坤宁 何灏宇 YANG Jiu-Ling;ZHANG Yi;HUANG Kun-Ning;HE Hao-Yu(Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis,Guiyang 550000,China;College of Medicine,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省检测技术研究应用中心,贵阳550000 [2]贵州医科大学神奇民族医药学院,贵阳550000

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2021年第7期2876-2880,共5页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：贵州省科学院青年基金项目(黔科院J字[2021]35号)。

摘　　要：目的了解贵州市售腐乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌的污染情况,以及市售腐乳中蜡样芽胞杆菌的污染量的规律。方法依据国家标准GB 4789.14—2014《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验蜡样芽胞杆菌检验》,用甘露醇卵黄多粘菌素琼脂(mannitol yolk polymyxin, MYP)结合生化鉴定的方法,对贵州市售的50个腐乳进行检测与鉴定。结果贵州市售腐乳中蜡样芽孢杆菌的检出率为74%,其中超过风险值的有3份,分别为1.9×10^(5)、2.1×10^(6)、8.4×10^(5)CFU/g;检出量超10^(3)有23份。对50个样品分类分析发现,腐乳的不同产地、不同货架期及不同腐乳种类的蜡样芽胞杆菌检测量有显著差异(P<0.05);不同生产季节的蜡样芽胞杆菌检测量没有差异(P>0.5);即抽检的50个样品,其产地、品种、货架期会影响蜡样芽胞杆菌的污染量。结论贵州市售腐乳存在一定的蜡样芽孢杆菌引起食物中毒的风险。Objective To understand the contamination of Bacillus cereus in sufu sold in Guizhou and the law of contamination amount of Bacillus cereus in sufu sold in Guizhou. Methods According to the national standard GB/T 4789.14—2014 National food safety standards-Food microbiological analysis-Examination of Bacillus cereus, 50 sufu sold in Guizhou were detected and identified by mannitol yolk polymyxin(MYP) agar base combined with biochemical identification methods. Results The detection rate of Bacillus cereus in sufu sold in Guizhou was 74%, of which there were 3 out-of-risk cases, 1.9×10^(5), 2.1×10^(6), and 8.4×10^(5) CFU/g, and 23 samples were detected with a volume exceeding 10^(3) CFU/g. The classification analysis of 50 samples found that the detection amounts of Bacillus cereus in different places of origin, different shelf life and different types of sufu were significantly different(P<0.05). The detection amount of Bacillus cereus in different seasons and different types were different, but the differences were not significant(P>0.5). That was to say, the origin, variety and shelf life of 50 samples would affect the contamination of Bacillus cereus. Conclusion There is a certain risk of food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus in sufu sold in Guizhou.

关 键 词：腐乳 蜡样芽孢杆菌 污染量 

分 类 号：TS214.2[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]