Neuroimmunomodulation by gut bacteria:Focus on inflammatory bowel diseases  

作　　者：Surbhi Aggarwal Raju Ranjha Jaishree Paul 

机构地区：[1]Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology,Indian Institute of Technology,Delhi 110016,India [2]School of Life Sciences,Jawaharlal Nehru University,Delhi 110067,India [3]Field Unit Raipur,ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research,Raipur 492015,Chhattisgarh,India

出　　处：《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology》2021年第3期25-39,共15页世界胃肠病理生理学杂志（英文版）（电子版）

摘　　要：Microbes colonize the gastrointestinal tract are considered as highest complex ecosystem because of having diverse bacterial species and 150 times more genes as compared to the human genome.Imbalance or dysbiosis in gut bacteria can cause dysregulation in gut homeostasis that subsequently activates the immune system,which leads to the development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Neuromediators,including both neurotransmitters and neuropeptides,may contribute to the development of aberrant immune response.They are emerging as a regulator of inflammatory processes and play a key role in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.Neuromediators may influence immune cell’s function via the receptors present on these cells.The cytokines secreted by the immune cells,in turn,regulate the neuronal functions by binding with their receptors present on sensory neurons.This bidirectional communication of the enteric nervous system and the enteric immune system is involved in regulating the magnitude of inflammatory pathways.Alterations in gut bacteria influence the level of neuromediators in the colon,which may affect the gastrointestinal inflammation in a disease condition.Changed neuromediators concentration via dysbiosis in gut microbiota is one of the novel approaches to understand the pathogenesis of IBD.In this article,we reviewed the existing knowledge on the role of neuromediators governing the pathogenesis of IBD,focusing on the reciprocal relationship among the gut microbiota,neuromediators,and host immunity.Understanding the neuromediators and host-microbiota interactions would give a better insight in to the disease pathophysiology and help in developing the new therapeutic approaches for the disease.

关 键 词：INFLAMMATION Gut microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Enteric nervous system NEUROIMMUNOMODULATION Neuromediator 

分 类 号：R574[医药卫生—消化系统]