园林废弃物木质纤维素降解大型真菌的筛选及能力研究  

Screening of Degradation of Large Fungi for Lignocellulose from Garden Waste and Its Capability

作　　者：刘林峰 何建清 张格杰 王思远 马金玉 LIU Linfeng;HE Jianqing;ZHANG Gejie;WANG Siyuan;MA Jinyu(Plant Sciences College,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University;Biotechnology Center,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi Tibet,860000 China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院植物科学学院 [2]西藏农牧学院生物技术中心,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《高原农业》2021年第3期249-255,共7页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202001ZY0019N)。

摘　　要：为获得能够高效降解园林废弃物的大型真菌并研究其降解能力,采用羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)刚果红水解透明圈法、苯胺蓝培养基褪色法、酶活力比较法进行初筛,以园林废弃物的凋落叶为材料,比较不同大型真菌降解园林凋落叶的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的效率。结果表明:8种大型真菌在CMC-Na刚果红培养基中均能产生透明圈,其中白肉灵芝呈现的透明圈最明显,D/d的比值为2.06,毛头鬼伞在苯胺蓝筛选培养基中褪色的程度最为明显,朱红硫磺菌的滤纸酶活性最高,为10.26 U/m L,褐离褶伞与地磷伞的木素过氧化物酶活性最高,均为69.51 U/mL,白肉灵芝的纤维素酶活性最高为14.58 U/mL,朱红硫磺菌、褐离褶伞以及珊瑚状猴头的锰氧化物酶活性最高,均为46.186U/mL,褐离褶伞的漆酶活性最高,为45.444 U/mL。发酵28 d后,毛头鬼伞对园林凋落叶中的NDF和ADF的降解率分别达到了23.9%和30.85%。In order to obtain a large fungus that can efficiently degrade garden waste and study its degradation ability,carboxymethyl cellulose sodium(CMC-Na)Congo red hydrolysis transparent circle method,aniline blue medium fading method,and enzyme activity comparison method were used for preliminary screening.Based on the litter leaves of garden waste,this paper compared the efficiency of different macro fungi degrading neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of garden litter leaves.The results showed that 8 macro fungi could produce transparent circles in CMC-Na Congo red medium,and the transparent circle of ganoderma lucidum was the most obvious with 2.06 D/d ratio.The most obvious fading degree was observed in the aniline blue screening medium.The activity of the filter paper enzyme activity of sulfur vermilion was the highest,10.26 U/m L.The highest activity of lignin peroxidase was in brown fold and ground phosphorus umbrella both with 69.51 U/mL.The highest cellulase activity of ganoderma lucidum was 14.58 U/mL.The activity of manganese oxides in the species of eurosulfonates,euphorbia brownis and hericium coral was the highest,as all 46.186 U/mL.The highest laccase activity was found in the brown fold,45.444 U/mL.After 28 d of fermentation,the degradation rate of NDF and ADF in garden leaves reached 23.9%and 30.85%,respectively.

关 键 词：园林废弃物 木质纤维素 酶活力 固态发酵 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]