闽语莆仙方言的情态词“卜”  

Modal Word “Bu” in Puxian Dialect of Fujian

作　　者：蔡国妹[1,2] CAI Guomei(Minjiang University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]闽江学院文学院,福建福州350108 [2]闽江学院方言研究所,福建福州350108

出　　处：《龙岩学院学报》2021年第3期28-35,共8页Journal of Longyan University

基　　金：2018年福建省社科规划项目“莆仙方言明清以来的词汇与语法演变研究”(FJ2018B155)。

摘　　要：莆仙方言中“卜”表义丰富,用法多样,有“想要”义、“将要”义、“可能”义、“接近”义,还可以表示假设与估算,充当顺承、目的、假设、将然标记等,有十余种用法。沿海闽语的“卜”的语义发展并不平衡:与早期闽南话相比,莆仙话与当下闽南泉州话明显缺少期望补语和期望补语标记用法,福州话“卜”的表义功能更弱。从语义的共时和历时差异,可以发现,闽语“卜”以“想要”义为中心,向四周辐射式延伸出不同的语义演化路径。In Puxian dialect,“bu”has rich meanings and various usages,including“want”,“will”,“may”and“close”.It can also represent hypothesis and estimate,and serve as a sign of succession,purpose,hypothesis,and will.The semantic development of“bu”in coastal Fujian dialect is not balanced:compared with early South Fujian dialect,Putian dialect and current Quanzhou dialect are obviously lack of expected complement and expected complement marker usage,and the semantic representation function of“bu”in Fuzhou dialect is weaker.From the synchronic and diachronic differences of semantics,we can find that“bu”centers on the meaning of“wanting”and extends different semantic evolution paths radially around it.

关 键 词：莆仙方言 想要义 古剧本 沿海闽语 语义演变 

分 类 号：H177[语言文字—汉语]