基于语料库的会话打断现象多因素分析  

A Corpus-based Multivariate Analysis of Conversational Interruption

作　　者：张歆雅 杨潇然 田一洺 

机构地区：[1]南开大学,天津300071

出　　处：《考试与评价》2021年第3期116-123,共8页TESTING AND EVALUATION

摘　　要：打断是一种常见的自然会话现象,不仅能体现会话的结构性特征,而且能进一步揭示语体、说话者职业、文化程度、性别等社会因素对会话结构的影响。因此,对打断展开研究具有重要意义。鉴于此,本文聚焦会话打断现象,通过自建会话语料库的方式,探讨语体、性别和社交权势对会话打断的影响。研究发现:(1)从语体看,医患语体下打断的出现频率最高,法律语体次之,教育语体最低;(2)从性别看,男性打断的频率高于女性,且男-男打断的频率显著高于女-女打断,但异性对话中打断的频率则差异不大;(3)从权势看,平级间的打断出现频率最高,高权势打断低权势的频率次之,低权势打断高权势的频率最低。(4)在三种因素的共同作用下,校园和法律题材所受到的影响相似,而医疗题材与前二者之间有着较为明显的差异。本论文对理解日常会话机制,特别是日常会话的结构性具有重要价值,对外语学习、教材编纂等也具有较大的启示价值。Interruption is a common natural conversational phenomenon,which not only reflects the structural characteristics of conversation,but also reveals the influence of social factors such as genre,speaker's occupation,education background and gender on the conversational structure.Therefore,it is of great significance to study interruptions.In view of this,by building own conversational corpus,this paper focuses on the phenomenon of conversational interruptions and explores the influence of genre,gender and social influence on conversational interruptions.The results show that:(1)From the perspective of genre,the frequency of medical genre interruptions is the highest,followed by legal genre and campus genre;(2)From the perspective of gender,the frequency of male interruptions was higher than that of female,and the frequency of male-to-male interruptions was significantly higher than that of female-to-female interruptions,but there was no significant difference in the frequency of opposite-sex interruptions;(3)From the perspective of social power,the interruption frequency between equals was the highest,followed by the frequency of interruption from higher power to lower power,and the frequency of interruption from lower power to higher power was the lowest;(4)Under the combined impact of the three factors,the influence of campus and legal genres is similar,while there is an obvious difference between the medical genres and the former two.This paper is of great value for us to understand the mechanism of daily conversation,especially its structural attributes.It also has great enlightening value for foreign language learning and textbook compilation.

关 键 词：会话打断 语料库 性别 权势 语体 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]