小学阶段本地儿童与随迁儿童学业成绩影响因素的分析——基于Shapley值的分解  

Difference Analysis of the Factors Affecting Academic Performance of PrimaryLocal Children and Migrant Children:Based on Shapley Value

作　　者：洪赛宇 姚继军[1] 周世科[2] HONG Sai-yu;YAO Ji-jun;ZHOU Shi-ke(School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210097,China;Teaching Research Office of Primary and Secondary Schools in Jiangsu Province,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院,江苏南京210097 [2]江苏省教育科学研究院,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《基础教育》2021年第3期78-88,共11页Journal of Schooling Studies

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大攻关项目《教育高质量发展评价指标体系研究》(项目编号:20JFD053);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(项目编号:PAPD)。

摘　　要：利用江苏省2018年年度义务教育质量监测数据,建立多元线性回归模型,实证分析个体非认知因素、家庭背景以及学校条件对小学阶段随迁儿童与本地儿童学业成绩的影响,并通过Shapley值法揭示两者学业成绩影响机制的差异。研究发现,(1)在小学阶段,随迁儿童与本地儿童存在显著的学业成绩差异,且家庭背景、学校条件和个体非认知因素是解释两者学业成绩的重要变量。(2)两者学业成绩的影响机制存在差异。家庭背景对本地儿童学业成绩的影响最大,且明显大于随迁儿童;学校条件对随迁儿童学业成绩的影响最大,且明显大于本地儿童。(3)个体非认知因素对随迁儿童学业成绩的解释力度明显大于本地儿童。据此,重视非认知因素对学业成绩的重要作用,进一步改善办学条件,尤其是加大对城市薄弱学校的资源投入和配置是有效提高小学阶段随迁儿童学业成绩的可行思路。Using the quality monitoring data of the 2018 annual compulsory education in Jiangsu Province to analyze the difference between the factors affecting the academic achievement of migrant children and local children in primary school,and reveal the influence mechanism behind their academic achievement.The study found that:(1)In primary school,there is a significant difference in academic performance between local children and migrant children.And family background,school conditions,and individual non-cognitive factors are important explanatory variables;(2)In terms of the impact of academic performance,family background has the greatest impact on local children,and it is significantly greater than that of migrant children;School conditions has the greatest impact on migrant children,and is significantly greater than that of local children.(3)In addition,the individual non-cognitive factors explain the academic performance of the migrant children significantly more than the local children.Therefore,paying attention to the important role of non-cognitive factors in academic achievement,focusing on school adaptation and school integration of migrant children are feasible ideas effectively improve the academic performance of children with migration in elementary school.

关 键 词：随迁儿童 学业成绩 SHAPLEY值 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]