不同分子质量胶原抗冻肽的抗冻性能及机理研究  

The antifreeze properties and mechanism of collagen antifreeze peptideswith different molecular weights

作　　者：刘含 曹慧[1] 徐斐[1] 袁敏[1] 叶泰[1] 于劲松[1] 黎燕 阴凤琴 吴秀秀 郝丽玲 LIU Han;CAO Hui;XU Fei;YUAN Min;YE Tai;YU Jingsong;LI Yan;YIN Fengqin;WU Xiuxiu;HAO Liling(School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学医疗器械与食品学院,上海200093

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2021年第11期104-110,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：上海科技发展基金项目(19391902200)。

摘　　要：采用热水抽提耦合酶水解的方法从牦牛皮中提取了胶原酶解物,并采用超滤膜技术分离出<1 k、1~3 k、3~5 k和>5 kDa四种不同分子质量的胶原抗冻肽。在此基础上,利用差示扫描量热法对不同分子质量胶原抗冻肽的热滞活性进行了测定,同时利用低温显微镜观察了不同分子质量胶原抗冻肽的重结晶抑制能力及修饰冰晶生长形态的特性,并总结其机理。结果表明,不同分子质量胶原抗冻肽均具有调节冰晶生长和热滞的能力,其中,3~5 kDa的胶原抗冻肽热滞活性最高,为5.77℃,<1 kDa和>5 kDa的胶原抗冻肽重结晶抑制活性最好,3~5 kDa的胶原抗冻肽抑制单冰晶生长的能力最强。胶原抗冻肽与冰面结合可诱导冰晶沿6个方向快速生长,其中<1 kDa和>5 kDa胶原抗冻肽导致冰晶呈六角星型扩张,而1~3 kDa和3~5 kDa胶原抗冻肽导致冰晶呈树突状扩张。The enzymatic hydrolysate of collagen was extracted from yak skin by hot water extraction coupled with enzyme hydrolysis.Four kinds of collagen antifreeze peptides with different molecular weights were separated by ultrafiltration membrane technique(<1 k,1-3 k,3-5 k and>5 kDa).On this basis,differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the thermal hysteresis activity of collagen antifreeze peptides.Meanwhile,the cryogenic microscope was used to observe the recrystallization inhibition ability and the characteristics of modified ice crystal growth morphology.The results showed that collagen antifreeze peptides of different molecular weights had the ability to regulate ice growth and thermal hysteresis activity.Among them,the 3-5 kDa collagen antifreeze peptide exhibited the highest thermal hysteresis activity(5.77℃).Collagen antifreeze peptides with<1 kDa and>5 kDa had the best inhibitory activity against recrystallization.Moreover,collagen antifreeze peptides with 3-5 kDa had the strongest ability to inhibit the growth of single ice crystals.The binding of collagen antifreeze peptides and ice surface could induce rapid growth of ice crystals along with six directions.The collagen-antifreeze peptides less than 1 kDa and more than 5kDa resulted in hexagonal star pattern expansion of ice crystals,while collagen antifreeze peptides between 1-3 kDa and 3-5 kDa resulted in dendritic expansion.

关 键 词：胶原抗冻肽 抗冻特性 热滞活性 抑制重结晶 修饰冰晶生长形态 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]