酶预处理和酸水解制备糯玉米淀粉纳米晶及其表征  

Prepared and Characterization of Waxy Corn Starch Nanocrystals by Enzyme Pretreatment and Acid Hydrolysis

作　　者：高新 陈启杰 赵雅兰 胡志强 王建辉 Gao Xin;Chen Qijie;Zhao Yalan;Hu Zhiqiang;Wang Jianhui(Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Food Processing of Aquatic Biotic Resources,School of Chemistry and Food Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410004)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学化学与食品工程学院,湖南省水生资源食品加工工程技术研究中心,长沙410004

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2021年第5期50-55,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2020JJ4095);湖南省企业科技创新创业团队项目(201918);湖南省水生资源食品加工工程技术研究中心开放基金(2018KJY03);长沙理工大学研究生“实践创新与创业能力提升计划”项目(SJCX201975)。

摘　　要：采用糖化酶对糯玉米原淀粉进行预处理,通过X射线衍射(XRD)确定糖化酶预处理的最佳用量,再对酶预处理淀粉进行硫酸酸水解,制备糯玉米淀粉纳米晶,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、粒径测量和Zeta电位分析等对淀粉纳米晶进行表征。结果表明,用1000 U/g活性的糖化酶对糯玉米原淀粉处理2 h,再结合酸水解2 d,得到粒径约100 nm、分散性好、产率为24.1%的糯玉米淀粉纳米晶;相较于仅硫酸酸水解处理,酶预处理结合酸水解法制备糯玉米淀粉纳米晶的反应时间缩短了3 d,产率提高了70.9%,淀粉纳米晶的Zeta电位达-22.3 mV。In this paper,the waxy corn starch was pretreated byglucoamylase,and then hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid to prepare waxy corn starch nanocrystals.The best activity of glucoamylase was determined by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The starch nanocrystals were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),particle size and Zeta potential analysis.The results showed that waxy corn starch was processed with 1000 U/(g starch)active glucoamylase for 2 h,and then hydrolyzed with acid for 2 days to obtain waxy corn starch nanocrystals with a particle size of about 100 nm and commendable dispersion and yield of 24.1%.The reaction time of waxy corn starch nanocrystals prepared by enzyme pretreatment combined with acid hydrolysis was reduced by 3 days,the yield was increased by about 70.9% compared those treated with acid hydrolysis alone,and the Zeta potential of starch nanocrystals was as high as-22.3 mV.

关 键 词：糖化酶 酸水解 糯玉米原淀粉 淀粉纳米晶 

分 类 号：TS235.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]