陀螺仪辅助星敏感器星跟踪算法设计  

Design of star tracking algorithm for star sensor assisted by gyroscope

作　　者：张徐玮 鲍其莲[1] 孙朔冬 车姝瑞 Zhang Xuwei;Bao Qilian;Sun Shuodong;Che Shurui(School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2021年第4期23-29,共7页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

摘　　要：针对星敏感器在大机动场景下跟踪预测误差较大和星点补充频率较高的问题,提出一种陀螺仪辅助星敏感器的星跟踪算法。在载体角加速度发生剧烈变化的大机动场景下,利用陀螺仪测量得到的角速度信息,对星点运动轨迹进行估计,得到相邻两帧星图中间时刻的星点位置信息。进一步建立星点运动模型,利用卡尔曼滤波器对星点位置进行跟踪预测,从而提前预测星图内外星点位置。结合所提出的缓存星库方案,可实现大机动场景下的快速星点补充。实验表明,在大机动运动条件下,星点跟踪误差小于2 pixels,采用缓存星库的算法可以有效减少补充星点的时耗,证明了算法的有效性,对提高星敏感器的动态性能和更新率有着重要意义。In a large maneuvering scene,the location estimation error and the replenishment frequency of stars occur.To solve these problems,a star tracking algorithm assisted by gyroscope is proposed in this work.In a large maneuvering scene where the angular acceleration of the carrier changes dramatically,the angular velocity information measured by gyroscope is invested to keep track of the identified stars.Thus,the center-star-points of two-consecutive frames are easily obtained.The motion model of star points is established,and the position of the star points are tracked and predicted by Kalman filter.The positions of stars inside and outside the star map can be predicted in advance.The cache star database proposed in this paper can realize fast star replenishment in a large maneuvering scene.Experiments confirm that the error of star tracking is less than 2-pixels.Furthermore,the cache database reduces time of star replenishment.Both results prove that the proposed algorithm is effective,and conduces to improve the dynamic performance and update rate of star sensor.

关 键 词：星敏感器 星跟踪算法 大机动 陀螺仪 卡尔曼滤波 

分 类 号：V448[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TN96[电子电信—信号与信息处理]