青少年近视发展与瞳孔直径、视网膜周边离焦的相关性分析  

Correlation between development of juvenile myopia and pupil diameter, defocus around retina

作　　者：符俊达 朱海萍[1] 贾娜[1] 王刚[1] 孙轶军[1] FU Junda;ZHU Haiping;JA Na;WANG Gang;SUN Yijun(Department of Ophthalmology,Qinhuangdao First Hospital,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066000,China)

机构地区：[1]秦皇岛市第一医院眼科,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《安徽医药》2021年第7期1339-1342,共4页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：秦皇岛市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(201703A202)。

摘　　要：目的探讨青少年近视发展与瞳孔直径、视网膜周边离焦的相关性。方法选取秦皇岛市第一医院2017年7月至2018年7月收治的7~12岁青少年低中度近视300例300眼,根据年龄分为3组:A组(7~8岁);B组(9~10岁);C组(11-12岁),根据性别分为男性组和女性组,进行眼部各项生理参数检测后,给予佩戴最佳矫正视力的最大正镜化为原则处方的眼镜。1年后复查,再次检测眼部各项生理参数,分析近视眼进展程度与眼部各项生理参数之间的相关性。结果C组的眼轴长度(22.5±2.7)mm高于A组和B组的(20.0±2.8)mm、(21.5±2.6)mm(P<0.05),其男性组前房深度和眼轴长度分别为(2.95±0.65)mm和(22.5±1.4)mm要高于女性组,分别为(2.28±0.59)mm和(22.0±1.6)mm(P<0.05);瞳孔直径小于平均值受试者屈光度增长量(-0.27±0.09)D小于瞳孔直径大于平均值受试者(-0.34±0.13)D,视网膜周边远视性离焦量大于平均值受试者屈光度增长量(-0.35±0.10)D大于视网膜周边远视性离焦量小于平均值受试者(-0.26±0.08)D,均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析发现,屈光度增长量与瞳孔直径呈正相关(r=0.707,P<0.001),与视网膜周边远视性离焦量呈正相关(r=0.782,P<0.001)。结论青少年瞳孔直径越小近视发展速度越慢,视网膜周边远视性离焦量近视性漂移会减慢近视发展速度。Objective Methods Three hundred juveniles(300 eyes)with low to moderate myopia aged 7-12 years old who were admitted to the Clinic of Qinhuangdao First Hospital between July 2017 and July 2018 were enrolled.According to age,they were assigned into group A(7-8 years old),group B(9-10 years old)and group C(11-12 years old).They were assigned into male and female groups according to different genders.After various physiological parameters of eyes were tested,the glasses with maximum plus to maximum visual acuity(MPMVA)as principle prescription were wore.After 1 year,review was conducted.The various physiological parameters of eyes were detected again.The correlation between progression degree of myopia and various physiological parameters of eyes was analyzed.Results length in group C was longer than that in group A and B[(22.5±2.7)mm vs.(20.0±2.8)mm,(21.5±2.6)mm](P<0.05).The anterior chamber depth[(2.95±0.65)mm vs.(2.28±0.59)mm]and axial length[(22.5±1.4)mmvs.(22.0±1.6)mm]in male group were larger than those in female group(P<0.05).The diopter increment in objects with pupil diameter less than the average value was smaller than that with pupil diameter greater than the average value[(-0.27±0.09)D vs.(-0.34±0.13)D].The diopter increment in objects with defocus around retina larger than the average value was greater than that with defocus around retina smaller than the average value[(-0.35±0.10)D vs.(-0.26±0.08)D](P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis found that diopter increment was positively correlated with pupil diameter(r=0.707,P<0.001),while positively correlated with defocus around retina(r=0.782,P<0.001).Conclusion The smaller the juvenile pupil diameter,the slower the myopia development.The myopic drift of defocus around retina will delay myopia development.

关 键 词：近视 瞳孔直径 视网膜周边离焦 防控 青少年 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]