数字普惠金融、创业与收入分配——基于中国城乡差异视角的实证研究  

Digital Inclusive Finance,Entrepreneurship and Income Distribution:An Empirical Research from the Perspective of Urban-rural Differences in China

作　　者：张碧琼[1] 吴琬婷 ZHANG Biqiong;WU Wanting(Institute of Finance,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing,102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学金融学院

出　　处：《金融评论》2021年第2期31-44,124,共15页Chinese Review of Financial Studies

摘　　要：数字普惠金融的普惠性,在于其促进机会平等和收入分配公平。本文基于2011-2017年中国数字普惠金融发展指数、企业工商注册信息和居民收入差距的匹配数据,从城乡差异的视角考察了数字普惠金融发展对收入分配的影响及其传导机制。结果表明,数字普惠金融对居民收入具有显著的正向影响,且对农村居民的收入效应更大,从而有助于缩小城乡收入差距。本文发现,激发农村居民创业是数字普惠金融改善收入分配的重要机制,并且数字普惠金融对农村居民创业的促进作用主要体现在小微或劳动密集型创业。本文的结果揭示了数字普惠金融发展的"益贫性"特征,即无论是收入效应还是创业活动,农村居民均从中获得了更多的发展红利。The inclusiveness of digital financial inclusion lies in its promotion of equal opportunities and fair income distribution.Based on the matching data of digital financial inclusion index,the registration data of enterprises and the urbanrural income gap from 2011 to 2017,the paper empirically tests the impact and mechanism of digital inclusive finance on income distribution from the perspective of urban-rural differences.The empirical result shows that digital financial inclusion has a significant positive impact on residents’income,especially for rural residents,which helps to narrow the urban-rural income gap.In terms of the impact mechanism,this paper finds that the development of digital financial inclusion improves income distribution by promoting rural residents’entrepreneurship.The effect of digital inclusive finance on rural residents’entrepreneurship is mainly reflected in small and micro businesses or labor-intensive entrepreneurship.The paper reveals that digital inclusive finance exhibits the characteristics of"Pro-poor Growth"and can promote rural residents’entrepreneurship and income increase.

关 键 词：数字普惠 金融收入 分配创业 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] F124.7[经济管理—国民经济] F832