保鲜膜包装对西兰花采后花蕾黄化的影响  

Effect of Three Preservative Film Packaging on Postharvest Broccoli Yellowing

作　　者：周鑫[1] 张璇[1] 周倩[1] 魏宝东[1] 程顺昌[1] 纪淑娟[1] ZHOU Xin;ZHANG Xuan;ZHOU Qian;WEI Bao-dong;CHENG Shun-chang;JI Shu-juan(College of Food Science,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学食品学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《包装工程》2021年第13期67-74,共8页Packaging Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2018YFD0401303)。

摘　　要：目的研究聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)、聚乳酸(polylactic acid,PLA)和聚偏二氯乙烯(polyvinylidene chloride,PVDC)等3种保鲜膜包装对西兰花花蕾黄化的影响,以探索西兰花采后常温货架期间适宜的包装方式。方法以西兰花为实验材料,采用3种保鲜膜分别对西兰花进行包装,以无膜包装作为对照,研究不同处理对西兰花采后常温货架期间花蕾黄化及品质的影响。结果常温货架期间,4组西兰花花蕾均逐渐由绿变黄,但对照组西兰花的黄化速度最快,PVDC处理组的西兰花黄化速度次之。常温货架前期(0~2 d),对照组与PVDC处理组的西兰花较其他2组的西兰花提前出现呼吸强度峰值。对照组西兰花质量损失最为严重,PLA处理组次之。对照组西兰花的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量均显著低于3种保鲜膜处理组的西兰花,进一步研究结果表明,这可能与叶绿素降解途径关键酶叶绿素酶(chlorophyllase,Chlase)、脱镁螯合酶(Mg-dechelatase,MDCase)、脱镁叶绿素酶(pheophytinase,PPH)的高活性有关。3种保鲜膜包装并没有持续保证西兰花中维生素C含量处于显著高水平。结论采后常温货架期间,PE保鲜膜包装对西兰花花蕾的护绿效果较好,PLA保鲜膜次之,但PLA处理组的西兰花质量损失率较大。This work aimed to study the effects of polyethylene(PE),polylactic acid(PLA)and polyvinylidene chloride(PVDC),three kinds of plastic film packaging on postharvest broccoli yellowing.It lays a theoretical foundation for exploring the suitable packing way during the shelf life of room temperature after harvest.Broccoli was used as experimental material and packed with three kinds of plastic film respectively.Broccoli with no package was used as a control.Then the effects of different treatments on the yellowing and quality of broccoli during the shelf-life at room temperature after harvest were studied.During the shelf-life at room temperature,all the four groups of broccoli gradually changed from green to yellow,and the control broccoli turned yellow the fastest,then was the PVDC-treated broccoli.In the early stage of the shelf-life(0-2 d),the peaks of respiration of the control and PVDC-treated broccoli were earlier than those treated by PE and PLA.The control broccoli was the most weightless,followed by PLA-treated broccoli.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in the control broccoli were significantly lower than those treated with the three kinds of preservative films.Further research results showed that this may be related to the higher activities of chlorophyllase,Mg-dechelatase,and pheophytinase.The three kinds of plastic film packaging did not keep the vitamin C content in broccoli at a significantly higher level.In conclusion,PE plastic film packaging has better green protection effect on broccoli,followed by PLA.However,the weightlessness rate of broccoli treated by PLA was relatively high.

关 键 词：西兰花 黄化 保鲜膜包装 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]